Table 3.
Association between putative virulence genes and clinical outcome among patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia due to methicillin-resistant or methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
| Gene | MRSA (n = 173) |
MSSA (n = 114) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) of patients with genotype | Cure rate (no./total [%]) with: |
P valuea | No. (%) of patients with genotype | Cure rate (no./total [%]) with: |
P valuea | |||
| Gene absent | Gene present | Gene absent | Gene present | |||||
| Adhesin genes | ||||||||
| fnbA | 173/173 (100.0) | 0/0 | 139/173 (80.3) | 114/114 (100.0) | 0/0 | 96/114 (84.2) | ||
| clfA | 142/173 (82.1) | 24/31 (77.4) | 115/142 (81.0) | 0.625 | 114/114 (100.0) | 0/0 | 96/114 (84.2) | |
| clfB | 125/173 (72.3) | 39/48 (81.3) | 100/125 (80.0) | 1.000 | 43/114 (37.7) | 62/71 (87.3) | 34/43 (79.1) | 0.292 |
| cna | 75/173 (43.4) | 79/98 (80.6) | 60/75 (80.0) | 1.000 | 52/114 (45.6) | 48/62 (77.4) | 48/52 (92.3) | 0.039 |
| spa | 173/173 (100.0) | 0/0 | 139/173 (80.3) | 114/114 (100.0) | 0/0 | 96/114 (84.2) | ||
| sdrC | 157/173 (90.8) | 15/16 (93.8) | 124/157 (79.0) | 0.202 | 49/114 (43.0) | 56/65 (86.2) | 40/49 (81.6) | 0.607 |
| sdrD | 154/173 (89.0) | 16/19 (84.2) | 123/154 (79.9) | 1.000 | 74/114 (64.9) | 35/40 (87.5) | 61/74 (82.4) | 0.595 |
| sdrE | 148/173 (85.5) | 19/25 (76.0) | 120/148 (81.1) | 0.588 | 68/114 (59.6) | 38/46 (82.6) | 58/68 (85.3) | 0.795 |
| bbp | 160/173 (92.5) | 9/13 (69.2) | 130/160 (81.3) | 0.288 | 107/114 (93.9) | 4/7 (57.1) | 92/107 (86.0) | 0.077 |
| ebpS | 173/173 (100.0) | 0/0 | 139/173 (80.3) | 114/114 (100.0) | 0/0 | 96/114 (84.2) | ||
| map-eap | 58/173 (33.5) | 92/115 (80.0) | 47/58 (81.0) | 1.000 | 14/114 (12.3) | 85/100 (85.0) | 11/14 (78.6) | 0.462 |
| fnbB | 120/173 (69.4) | 47/53 (88.7) | 92/120 (76.7) | 0.096 | 36/114 (31.6) | 66/78 (84.6) | 30/36 (83.3) | 1.000 |
| Toxin genes | ||||||||
| pvl | 18/173 (10.4) | 123/155 (79.4) | 16/18 (88.9) | 0.532 | 5/114 (4.4) | 93/109 (85.3) | 3/5 (60.0) | 0.176 |
| eta | 115/173 (66.5) | 51/58 (87.9) | 88/115 (76.5) | 0.104 | 63/114 (55.3) | 44/51 (86.3) | 52/63 (82.5) | 0.617 |
| etb | 11/173 (6.4) | 130/162 (80.2) | 9/11 (81.8) | 1.000 | 10/114 (8.8) | 89/104 (85.6) | 7/10 (70.0) | 0.193 |
| tst | 80/173 (46.2) | 74/93 (79.6) | 65/80 (81.3) | 0.849 | 47/114 (41.2) | 60/67 (89.6) | 36/47 (76.6) | 0.072 |
| sea | 104/173 (60.1) | 53/69 (76.8) | 86/104 (82.7) | 0.435 | 59/114 (51.8) | 45/55 (81.8) | 51/59 (86.4) | 0.610 |
| seb | 4/173 (2.3) | 135/169 (79.9) | 4/4 (100.0) | 1.000 | 7/114 (6.1) | 90/107 (84.1) | 6/7 (85.7) | 1.000 |
| sec | 36/173 (20.8) | 109/137 (79.6) | 30/36 (83.3) | 0.814 | 32/114 (28.1) | 67/82 (81.7) | 29/32 (90.6) | 0.391 |
| sed | 63/173 (36.4) | 88/110 (80.0) | 51/63 (81.0) | 1.000 | 24/114 (21.1) | 76/90 (84.4) | 20/24 (83.3) | 1.000 |
| see | 56/173 (32.4) | 92/117 (78.6) | 47/56 (83.9) | 0.540 | 19/114 (16.7) | 80/95 (84.2) | 16/19 (84.2) | 1.000 |
| seg | 109/173 (63.0) | 51/64 (79.7) | 88/109 (80.7) | 1.000 | 60/114 (52.6) | 45/54 (83.3) | 51/60 (85.0) | 1.000 |
| seh | 8/173 (4.6) | 131/165 (79.4) | 8/8 (100.0) | 0.358 | 16/114 (14.0) | 83/98 (84.7) | 13/16 (81.3) | 0.716 |
| sei | 160/173 (92.5) | 11/13 (84.6) | 128/160 (80.0) | 1.000 | 99/114 (86.8) | 11/15 (73.3) | 85/99 (85.9) | 0.252 |
| hlg | 172/173 (99.4) | 1/1 (100.0) | 138/172 (80.2) | 1.000 | 108/114 (94.7) | 5/6 (83.3) | 91/108 (84.3) | 1.000 |
| Others | ||||||||
| efb | 173/173 (100.0) | 0/0 | 139/173 (80.3) | 114/114 (100.0) | 0/0 | 96/114 (84.2) | ||
| icaA | 170/173 (98.3) | 3/3 (100.0) | 136/170 (80.0) | 1.000 | 113/114 (99.1) | 1/1 (100.0) | 95/113 (84.1) | 1.000 |
| chp | 128/173 (74.0) | 37/45 (82.2) | 102/128 (79.7) | 0.829 | 91/114 (79.8) | 19/23 (82.6) | 77/91 (84.6) | 0.758 |
| V8 | 160/173 (92.5) | 11/13 (84.6) | 128/160 (80.0) | 1.000 | 85/114 (74.6) | 26/29 (89.7) | 70/85 (82.4) | 0.556 |
| Agr group II vs. all others | 71/173 (41.0) | 85/102 (83.3) | 54/71 (76.1) | 0.249 | 34/114 (29.8) | 67/80 (83.8) | 29/34 (85.3) | 1.000 |
| SCC type II (4/non-4) | 29/173 (16.8) | 114/144 (79.2) | 25/29 (86.2) | 0.454 | 0/114 (0.0) | 96/114 (84.2) | 0/0 | |
a
Two-sided P value from Fisher's exact test of the null hypothesis of no association between clinical outcome and the presence/absence of the putative virulence genes. After adjustment for multiple comparisons to control the false discovery rate for the family of all the tests, there was no significant difference between clinical outcome and PVL status.