Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with invasive aspergillosis
| Characteristica | Data [no., no. (%), or median (range)] for: |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n = 57) | Patient(s) with IAa defined according to EORTC as: |
|||
| Proven (n = 4) | Probable (n = 44) | Possible (n = 9) | ||
| Female gender | 27 (47) | 1 (25) | 22 (50) | 4 (44) |
| Age (yr) | 52 (10–78) | 38 (14–52) | 52 (10–78) | 56 (17–64) |
| Disease | ||||
| AML | 24 (42) | 1 (25) | 15 (34) | 8 (89) |
| ALL | 6 (11) | 0 (0) | 5 (11) | 1 (11) |
| CML | 1 (2) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Other myeloproliferative disorder | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| CLL | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 0 (0) |
| Malignant lymphoma | 8 (14) | 1 (25) | 7 (16) | 0 (0) |
| MM | 4 (7) | 0 (0) | 4 (9) | 0 (0) |
| AA | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) |
| Other | 8 (14) | 1 (25) | 7 (16) | 0 (0) |
| Phase: 1st CR, 1st chronic phase | 28 (51) | 1 (25) | 24 (57) | 2 (22) |
| Autologous HSCT | 7 (12) | 1 (25) | 4 (9) | 2 (22) |
| Allogeneic HSCT | 23 (40) | 1 (25) | 20 (45) | 6 (67) |
| If yes, reduced intensity conditioning | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| If yes, GVHD | 17 | 1 | 15 | 1 |
| Acute grade of ≥2 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Extensive chronic | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Receiving CS | 31 (54) | 4 (100) | 26 (59) | 1 (11) |
| If yes, dose | ||||
| <0.5 mg/kg of body wt | 5 (16) | 1 (25) | 4 (15) | 0 (0) |
| 0.5–1 mg/kg | 10 (32) | 1 (25) | 8 (31) | 1 (100) |
| 1–2 mg/kg | 14 (45) | 2 (50) | 12 (46) | 0 (0) |
| >2 mg/kg | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) |
| Cumulative CS dose the week before diagnosis (mg/kg) | 2 (0–31) | 5 (1–7) | 3 (0–31) | 0 (0–4) |
| Received immunosuppressive therapy for <1 month | 20 (35) | 2 (50) | 17 (39) | 1 (11) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0 |
| CsA | 16 | 1 | 14 | 1 |
| ATG | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Other | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0 |
| Leukocyte count/mm3 | ||||
| <100 | 27 (47) | 1 (25) | 19 (43) | 7 (78) |
| 100–500 | 10 (18) | 2 (50) | 8 (18) | 0 (0) |
| >500 | 20 (35) | 1 (25) | 17 (39) | 2 (22) |
| Leucopenia (<500/mm3) for more than 15 days during the last 3 months | 41 (72) | 2 (50) | 30 (68) | 9 (100) |
| Antifungal therapy in the last 15 days | 34 (60) | 3 (75) | 26 (59) | 5 (56) |
| As curative therapy | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| As empirical therapy | 27 | 2 | 20 | 5 |
| Primary prophylaxis | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Secondary prophylaxis | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Antifungal treatment | ||||
| Amphotericin B | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) |
| Liposomal amphotericin B | 6 (11) | 2 (50) | 4 (9) | 0 (0) |
| Voriconazole | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 0 (0) |
| Caspofungin | 23 (40) | 1 (25) | 17 (39) | 5 (56) |
| Other | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) |
| Concomitant pulmonary infection | 16 (28) | 2 (50) | 14 (32) | 0 (0) |
| Bacterial | 9 | 1 | 8 | |
| Viral | 6 | 1 | 5 | |
| Fungal | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| Lung CT scan imaging | ||||
| Halo sign | 33 (58) | 3 (75) | 22 (50) | 8 (89) |
| Air crescent sign | 3 (5) | 0 (0) | 3 (7) | 0 (0) |
| Cavity | 5 (9) | 0 (0) | 4 (9) | 1 (11) |
| Other signs | 34 (60) | 3 (75) | 25 (57) | 6 (67) |
a
AML, acute myeloid leukemia; ALL, acute lymphoid leukemia; CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphoid leukemia; MM, multiple myeloma; AA, aplastic anemia; CR, complete response; HSCT, hematological stem cell transplantation; GVHD, graft versus host disease; CS, corticosteroids; CsA, cyclosporine; ATG, antithymoglobulin; CT, computed tomography; IA, invasive aspergillosis.