Table 2.

General changes in insect-, tick-, or rodent-borne diseases in European countries over the last decade, according to infectious disease experts, 2009/2010.^a

Disease	Geographic distribution							Seasonality							Altitude							Latitude
	Total	+	No change	–	Total	+	No change	–	Total	+	No change	–	Total	+	No change	–
Borreliosis (Lyme disease)		22		11/22		11/22		0		21		9/21		12/21		0		16		5/16		11/16		0		17		3/17		14/17		0
Chikungunya fever		12		2/12		10/12		0		12		2/12		10/12		0		11		0		11/11		0		12		1/12		11/12		0
Hantavirus infections		17		8/17		9/17		0		16		3/16		13/16		0		14		1/14		13/14		0		12		2/12		10/12		0
Leishmaniasis		18		8/18		10/18		1/18		17		3/17		14/17		0		15		1/15		14/15		0		14		3/14		11/14		0
TBE		17		11/17		6/17		0		17		5/17		12/17		0		14		5/14		9/14		0		13		3/13		10/13		0
West Nile fever		16		6/16		10/16		0		14		2/14		12/14		0		12		2/12		10/12		0		13		3/13		10/13		0
Abbreviations: +, range expansion; –, range contraction. Values shown are number of countries reporting change or no change/total number of respondents for each survey item. Data are based on the following survey question: “Have you observed general changes of insect‑, tick‑, or rodent-borne disease in your country over the last 10 years?” Responses were recorded on a scale with five response options: strong increase; increase; no change; decrease; strong decrease. The first two responses (strong increase and increase) were grouped to reflect a positive response and the last two responses (decrease and strong decrease) were grouped to reflect a negative response. Both range expansion and contraction were documented for leishmaniasis in Portugal. Data were not available for 2007.