Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Etomidate | Control | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 23 | N = 39 | ||
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 64.0 ± 10.0 | 58.0 ± 13.0 | 0.10 |
| Sex, female, No. (%) | 9 (39) | 16 (41) | 0.88 |
| APACHE II, mean ± SD | 32.6 ± 6.6 | 30.2 ± 7.6 | 0.20 |
| Child-Pugh, mean ± SD | 10.8 ± 1.8 | 11.5 ± 1.9 | 0.16 |
| SOFA, mean ± SD | 15.0 ± 2.9 | 15.3 ± 3.7 | 0.79 |
| Baseline cortisol (nmol/L), mean ± SDa | 446.6 ± 283.5 | 671.9 ± 623.4 | 0.05 |
| Delta cortisol post ACTH, mean ± SD | 99.9 ± 186.5 | 160.2 ± 343.3 | 0.40 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg), mean ± SD | 58.9 ± 9.1 | 60.0 ± 7.4 | 0.58 |
| Bilirubin (μmol/L), mean ± SDa | 359.2 ± 337.7 | 331.9 ± 266.3 | 0.73 |
| Lactic acid (mmol/L), mean ± SDa | 3.7 ± 2.7 | 4.9 ± 4.9 | 0.21 |
| INR, mean ± SD | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 0.84 |
| Ammonia (μmol/L), mean ± SDa | 122.2 ± 147.9 | 110.4 ± 66 | 0.72 |
| AST (U/L), mean ± SD | 93.0 ± 94.0 | 273.7 ± 627.7 | 0.08 |
| ALT (U/L), mean ± SD | 43.0 ± 33.3 | 74.1 ± 108.9 | 0.10 |
| ALK (U/L), mean ± SD | 150.6 ± 131.3 | 132.5 ± 81.6 | 0.56 |
| Albumin in (G/L), mean ± SD | 31.5 ± 7.3 | 32.2 ± 6.4 | 0.70 |
| Platelets (10^9 g/L), mean ± SD | 87.2 ± 59.2 | 111.7 ± 84.2 | 0.22 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L), mean ± SD | 81.7 ± 23.3 | 85.9 ± 15.4 | 0.45 |
| WBC (10^9/L), mean ± SD | 13.6 ± 8 | 13.1 ± 8.5 | 0.82 |
| PaO2/FiO2, mean ± SD | 225.9 ± 121.1 | 230.5 ± 144 | 0.90 |
| Duration of shock before inclusion (Hours), mean ± SD | 18.2 ± 15 | 12.5 ± 16.1 | 0.17 |
| Norepinephrine dose at inclusion (μcg/kg/min), mean ± SD | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.36 ± 0.4 | 0.54 |
| Dopamine dose at inclusion (μcg/kg/min), mean ± SD | 4.1 ± 6.3 | 3.3 ± 6 | 0.60 |
| Source of Infection, No. (%)* | |||
| Pulmonary | 9 (39.1) | 15 (38.5) | 0.96 |
| UTI | 6 (26.1) | 6 (15.4) | 0.33 |
| Skin | 2 (8.7) | 1 (2.6) | 0.55 |
| SBP | 7 (30.4) | 13 (33.3) | 0.81 |
| No clear source | 6 (26.1) | 9 (23.1) | 0.79 |
| Other abdominal | 1 (4.3) | 6 (15.4) | 0.24 |
| Etiology of liver disease, No. (%) | |||
| HEP C | 11 (47.8) | 21 (53.9) | 0.68 |
| HEP B | 7 (30.4) | 8 (20.5) | |
| Others (Schistomiasis, auto-immune hepatitis, etc) | 5 (21.7) | 10 (25.6) | |
SD: Standard Deviation, APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, ACTH: Adenocorticotropin stimulation test, INR: International Normalized Ratio; PaO2:FiO2 Ratio: the ratio of partial pressure of oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen; UTI: Urinary tract infection, SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
a To convert bilirubin to mg/dL divide by 17.1, ammonia to μg/dL divide by 0.587, lactic acid to mg/dL divide by 0.111, cortisol to μg/dL divide by 27.59
* The numbers may add up to more than 100% because some patients had more than one source.