Table 3.
Factors associated with permanent or temporary LTFU, defined as no clinic visit for 180 days, among all patients under followup.
| Person- years | Number LTFU | Crude Rate1 | Adjusted | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95% CI | IRR2 | 95% CI | P value | IRR2 | 95% CI | P value | ||||
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 5468.1 | 1206 | 22.06 | (20.85, 23.34) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Female | 2229.2 | 442 | 19.83 | (18.06, 21.77) | 1.10 | (0.98, 1.24) | 0.090 | 1.04 | (0.93, 1.17) | 0.446 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Current age (years) | ||||||||||
| ≤35 | 2210.4 | 575 | 26.01 | (23.97, 28.23) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.0023 | |||
| 36∼45 | 3320.2 | 718 | 21.62 | (20.10, 23.27) | 0.82 | (0.74, 0.92) | 0.001 | 0.89 | (0.79, 1.00) | 0.050 |
| 46+ | 2166.6 | 355 | 16.39 | (14.77, 18.18) | 0.69 | (0.60, 0.79) | <0.001 | 0.76 | (0.66, 0.88) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Reported exposure | ||||||||||
| Heterosexual contact | 5144.5 | 985 | 19.15 | (17.99, 20.38) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Homosexual contact | 1707.2 | 344 | 20.15 | (18.13, 22.40) | 1.10 | (0.93, 1.29) | 0.275 | 1.05 | (0.89, 1.25) | 0.540 |
| Injecting drug use | 344.3 | 125 | 36.31 | (30.47, 43.27) | 1.21 | (0.97, 1.51) | 0.098 | 1.10 | (0.86, 1.40) | 0.437 |
| Other/unknown | 501.3 | 194 | 38.70 | (33.62,44.55) | 1.64 | (1.37, 1.98) | <0.001 | 1.56 | (1.29, 1.88) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Current CD4 count (cells/μl.) | ||||||||||
| ≤100 | 233.7 | 69 | 29.52 | (23.32, 37.38) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| 101–200 | 635.7 | 136 | 21.40 | (18.09, 25.31) | 0.92 | (0.68, 1.22) | 0.551 | 0.96 | (0.72, 1.29) | 0.800 |
| 201+ | 6327.6 | 1181 | 18.66 | (17.63, 19.76) | 0.75 | (0.58, 0.96) | 0.023 | 0.79 | (0.61, 1.02) | 0.071 |
| Missing | 500.3 | 262 | 52.37 | (46.40, 59.11) | 1.18 | (0.90, 1.55) | 0.235 | 0.99 | (0.74, 1.31) | 0.922 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Current HIV RNA (copies/ml) | ||||||||||
| ≤500 | 4213.7 | 679 | 16.11 | (14.95, 17.37) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.0213 | |||
| 501+ | 537.1 | 158 | 29.42 | (25.17, 34.38) | 1.71 | (1.43, 2.04) | <0.001 | 1.24 | (1.03, 1.51) | 0.026 |
| Missing | 2946.4 | 811 | 27.52 | (25.69, 29.49) | 1.75 | (1.55, 1.98) | <0.001 | 1.64 | (1.45, 1.86) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||||||||
| CDC disease stage | ||||||||||
| Stage A | 3205.1 | 828 | 25.83 | (24.13, 27.65) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| Stage B | 801.6 | 118 | 14.72 | (12.29, 17.63) | 0.93 | (0.76, 1.14) | 0.507 | 0.95 | (0.77, 1.17) | 0.623 |
| Stage C | 3690.5 | 702 | 19.02 | (17.67, 20.48) | 0.84 | (0.75, 0.93) | 0.001 | 0.92 | (0.82, 1.02) | 0.125 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Tuberculosis diagnosis | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1806.7 | 372 | 20.59 | (18.60, 22.79) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| No | 5890.6 | 1276 | 21.66 | (20.51, 22.88) | 1.04 | (0.92, 1.18) | 0.537 | 0.98 | (0.87, 1.12) | 0.801 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Time since HIV infection (years) | ||||||||||
| ≤5 | 3477.2 | 785 | 22.58 | (21.05, 24.21) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.0053 | |||
| 6+ | 4115.7 | 844 | 20.51 | (19.17, 21.94) | 0.84 | (0.75, 0.94) | 0.002 | 0.89 | (0.79, 1.00) | 0.048 |
| Missing | 104.3 | 19 | 18.21 | (11.61, 28.55) | 0.58 | (0.36, 0.94) | 0.027 | 0.49 | (0.30, 0.79) | 0.004 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Hepatitis B infection | ||||||||||
| Yes | 584.5 | 112 | 19.16 | (15.92, 23.06) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| No | 5101.9 | 883 | 17.31 | (16.20, 18.49) | 0.93 | (0.76, 1.13) | 0.474 | 0.90 | (0.74, 1.10) | 0.319 |
| N/A | 2010.8 | 653 | 32.48 | (30.08, 35.06) | 0.98 | (0.80, 1.21) | 0.859 | 1.07 | (0.85, 1.35) | 0.548 |
|
| ||||||||||
| Hepatitis C infection | ||||||||||
| Yes | 541.4 | 149 | 27.52 | (23.44, 32.31) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.0303 | |||
| No | 4692.8 | 796 | 16.96 | (15.82, 18.18) | 0.81 | (0.67, 0.98) | 0.029 | 0.81 | (0.67, 0.98) | 0.034 |
| N/A | 2463.0 | 703 | 28.54 | (26.51, 30.73) | 0.75 | (0.62, 0.91) | 0.004 | 0.77 | (0.63, 0.93) | 0.008 |
| Current anemia (male < 13 g/dl, female < 11 g/dl) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1021.1 | 155 | 15.18 | (12.97, 17.77) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
| No | 5771.6 | 1157 | 20.05 | (18.92, 21.24) | 1.09 | (0.92, 1.30) | 0.302 | 1.11 | (0.94, 1.32) | 0.227 |
| N/A | 904.5 | 336 | 37.15 | (33.38, 41.34) | 1.31 | (1.07, 1.59) | 0.008 | 1.09 | (0.89, 1.34) | 0.382 |
| Current ART4 | ||||||||||
| 3 + (NRTNRTI) | 4830.8 | 942 | 19.50 | (18.29, 20.79) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.0013 | |||
| 3 + (NRTI + PI) | 1898.3 | 377 | 19.86 | (17.95, 21.97) | 1.21 | (1.06, 1.38) | 0.005 | 1.22 | (1.07, 1.39) | 0.003 |
| No/mono/double ARV | 762.7 | 300 | 39.33 | (35.12, 44.05) | 2.18 | (1.90,2.50) | <0.001 | 1.92 | (1.66, 2.22) | <0.001 |
| 3 + (other combination) | 205.4 | 29 | 14.12 | (9.81, 20.32) | 0.95 | (0.65, 1.38) | 0.786 | 1.01 | (0.69, 1.47) | 0.975 |
(1) Crude rate, per 100 person-years.
(2) Stratified by TAHOD sites.
(3) Overall for test for trend (ordinal categorical covariates) or for homogeneity (nominal categorical covariates).
(4) ART: NRTI: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI: nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI: protease inhibitor.