Table 5.
TNF-α and IL-6 protein concentrations in MDCK culture supernatants (pg/ml) after 72 hr exposure
| TNF-α | IL-6 | |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment | Concentration (Mean ± SD) | Concentration (Mean ± SD) |
| Negative control | 3.94 ± 0.01 | 2.33 ± 0.00 |
| HESA-A | 2.58 ± 0.00 | 1.33 ± 0.00 |
| Virus | 12.88 ± 0.00* | 21.67 ± 0.01* |
| Co-penetration | 0.45 ± 0.00 | 2.00 ± 0.00 |
| Pre-penetration | 3.03 ± 0.01 | 4.00 ± 0.00 |
| Post-penetration | 3.64 ± 0.00 | 5.00 ± 0.00 |
Concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 proteins, as determined by ELISA, are expressed as pg/ml (N = 6-8) after a 72 hr incubation time,
*: significantly different from mock-inoculated and treated cells in different experiments (P < 0.05)