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Perioperative parameters according to operative methods
Values are presented as number (patients with protective stoma), number or mean ± SD.
uLAR, ultralow anterior resection; LAR, low anterior resection; HAR, high anterior resection; RHC, right hemicolectomy; NA, not applicable; LN, lymph node; VAS, visual analogue scale.
aThe P-value is calculated from the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test; bThe P-value is calculated from the independent t-test.
