TABLE 3.
CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND BIOMARKERS OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AT MEDICAL MONITORING ENTRY
| Serum Analytes | Cases FEV1 Less Than LLN* | Control Subjects FEV1 Greater Than or Equal to LLN† | P Value† |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 158 (108–272) | 135 (95–219) | 0.09 |
| HDL, mg/dl | 43 (37–54) | 47 (41–55) | 0.15 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 93 (87–102) | 90 (84–95) | 0.03 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 71 (64–78) | 66 (59–75) | 0.02 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 120 (110–130) | 114 (110–122) | 0.09 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 72 (70–80) | 72 (70–80) | 0.32 |
| Amylin, pg/ml | 54.8 (41–64) | 59.2 (46.4–148) | 0.009 |
| C-peptide, pg/ml | 632.7 (317–1,699) | 794.8 (345–1,489) | 0.94 |
| Ghrelin, pg/ml | 21.1 (16–28) | 21.4 (13.7–36) | 0.79 |
| GIP, pg/ml | 79.5 (27–194) | 77.1 (32–185) | 0.70 |
| GLP-1, pg/ml | 49.1 (24–90) | 67.4 (33.3–99) | 0.08 |
| Glucagon, pg/ml | <13.7 (<13.7–37) | 13.7 (<13.7–37) | 0.12 |
| IL-6, pg/ml | <13.7 (<13.7–14) | <13.7 (<13.7–13.7) | 0.85 |
| Insulin, pg/ml | 708.7 (348–1,695) | 651 (266–1,039) | 0.17 |
| Leptin, pg/ml | 8,035 (4,696–13,085) | 5,370 (3,487–9,496) | 0.001 |
| MCP-1, pg/ml | 358.2 (242–457) | 351 (247–425) | 0.53 |
| PP, pg/ml | 108.5 (63–215) | 151.5 (90–234) | 0.05 |
| PYY, pg/ml | 89.7 (64–162) | 124.4 (62–173) | 0.34 |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 4.4 (3–6) | 4.2 (3–6) | 0.58 |
Definition of abbreviations: BP = blood pressure; GIP = gastric inhibitory polypeptide; GLP-1 = glucagon-like peptide-1; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; LLN = lower limit of normal as defined by NHANES III; MCP-1 = monocyte chemotactic protein-1; NHANES = National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; PP = pancreatic polypeptide; PYY = pancreatic peptide YY; TNF = tumor necrosis factor.
*
All values represented as median (interquartile range).
†
P value by Mann-Whitney U test.