Table 4.

Mean differences in resource densities associated with block-group race/ethnic composition and residual correlation by site as estimated from spatial lag and spatial error regression models: Results for New York City

			Local Racial Context^a				Local + Neighbor Racial Context^b
		Spatial model type	%Black [95%CI]	%Hisp [95%CI]	ρ^c	Moran’s I^d	%Black [95%CI]	%Hisp [95%CI]	ρ^c	Moran’s I^d
New York City	Supermarkets and produce stores	Lag	^**−3.0 [−4.9,−1.1]	−0.4 [−2.0,1.1]	^**1.0	0.13	^**−2.8 [−4.8,−0.7]	−0.6 [−2.3,1.0]	^**1.0	0.13
	Supermarkets and produce stores	Error	^**−8.1 [−14.2,−1.1]	0.01 [−5.1,5.1]	na	0.12	^**−26.7 [−39.1,−14.3]	−3.9 [−14.1,6.3]	na	0.12
	Retail areas of 100m²	Lag	−9.1 [−54.1,35.9]	25.0 [−14.4,64.4]	^**1.0	0.22	0.4 [−47.1,47.9]	18.3 [−23.3,59.9]	^**1.0	0.22
	Retail areas of 100m²	Error	−109 [−263,45.5]	74.4 [−54.4,203]	na	0.21	−306 [−634,21.2]	234 [−33.1,502]	na	0.21
	Recreational facility activities	Lag	−1.8 [−7.6,2.9]	^**−8.6 [−14.0,−3.2]	^**1.0	0.16	−2.0 [−8.0,4.1]	^**−10.2 [−16.1,−4.2]	^**1.0	0.16
	Recreational facility activities	Error	6.8 [−12.5,26.1]	3.4 [−12.7,19.6]	na	0.15	12.5 [−28.7,53.8]	−2.0 [−35.7,31.7]	na	0.15
	Health Opportunities	Lag	−2.2 [−4.6,0.3]	−0.5 [−2.6,1.6]	^**1.0	0.17	−1.7 [−4.3,0.9]	−1.1 [−3.3,1.1]	^**1.0	0.17
	Health Opportunities	Error	−6.0 [−14.2,2.2]	4.3 [−2.5,11.2]	na	0.16	^*−21.8 [−39.1,−4.5]	8.2 [−5.9,22.4]	na	0.16

^(a)

Local racial context is modeled with local percent black as the independent variable.

^(b)

Local + Neighbor Racial Context is modeled with an independent variable that incorporates local percent black and percent black in surrounding block groups.

^(c)

ρ = The spatial lag term representing the association of the weighted average of race in neighboring block groups on the outcome.

^(d)

These Moran’s I statistics are calculated in GeoDa without assessing statistical significance.

= p-value of <.05

^**

= p-value of <.01