Table 5. Graded complications of living donor (LDLT) and deceased donor (DDLT) recipients: LDLT (n = 384) versus DDLT (n = 216).
| Clavien grade 1 | Clavien grade 2 | Clavien grade 3 | Clavien grade 4 | Any Clavien grade | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complications | LDLT (%) | DDLT (%) | LDLT (%) | DDLT (%) | LDLT (%) | DDLT (%) | LDLT (%) | Retxp and alive |
Died w/o retxp |
Retxp and died |
DDLT (%) | Retxp and alive |
Died w/o retxp |
Retxp and died |
LDLT (%) | DDLT (%) |
| Any complication | 22 (5.7) | 19 (8.8) | 163 (42.5) | 79 (36.6) | 33 (8.6) | 19 (8.8) | 61 (15.9) | 27 | 26 | 8 | 20 (9.3) | 6 | 12 | 2 | 279 (72.7) | 137 (63.4) |
| Any biliary complication | 14 (3.6) | 2 (0.9) | 113 (29.4) | 38 (17.6) | 19 (4.9) | 7 (3.2) | 15 (3.9) | 5 | 6 | 4 | 6 (2.8) | 2 | 3 | 1 | 161 (41.9)3 | 53 (24.5)3 |
| Biliary leak or biloma | 14 (3.6) | 2 (0.9) | 83 (21.6) | 15 (6.9) | 12 (3.0) | 2 (0.9) | 13 (3.4) | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 (1.4) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 123 (32.0)3 | 22 (10.2)3 |
| Biliary stricture | 3 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 59 (15.0) | 26 (12.0) | 10 (2.6) | 6 (2.8) | 3 (0.8) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 (1.4) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 75 (19.5) | 35 (16.2) |
| Intraabdominal bleeding | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 21 (5.5) | 14 (6.5) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 5 (1.3) | 3 | 2 | 0 | 3 (1.4) | 0 | 3 | 0 | 27 (7.0) | 17 (7.9) |
| Gl bleeding | 3 (0.8) | 1 (0.5) | 23 (6.0) | 3 (1.4) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 5 (1.3) | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 (0.9) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 33 (8.6)3 | 6 (2.8)3 |
| Intraabdominal abscesses | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 20 (5.2) | 7 (3.2) | 5 (1.3) | 3 (1.4) | 8 (2.1) | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 34 (8.8) | 11 (5.1) |
| Ileus | 10 (2.6) | 6 (2.8) | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.5) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 (0.9) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 16 (4.2) | 10 (4.6) |
| Bowel obstruction | 4 (1.0) | 3 (1.4) | 8 (2.1) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 (3.4) | 4 (1.9) |
| Unplanned reexploration | 7 (1.8) | 2 (0.9) | 67 (17.4) | 27 (12.5) | 5 (1.3) | 1 (0.5) | 16(4.2)2 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 (0.9)2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 95 (24.7)3 | 32 (14.8)3 |
| Hepatic encephalopathy | 6 (1.6) | 4 (1.9) | 6 (1.6) | 10 (4.6) | 1 (0.3) | 4 (1.9) | 5 (1.3) | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 (1.9) | 0 | 3 | 1 | 18 (4.7)3 | 22 (10.2)3 |
| Ascites | 18 (4.7) | 21 (9.7) | 21 (5.2) | 6 (2.8) | 5 (1.3) | 6 (2.8) | 10 (2.6) | 1 | 8 | 1 | 3 (1.4) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 54 (14.0) | 36 (16.7) |
| Vascular complications1 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 11 (2.9) | 6 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 24 (6.3)2 | 18 | 2 | 4 | 2 (0.9)2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 35 (9.1)3 | 9 (4.2)3 |
| Chronic rejection | 12 (3.1) | 8 (3.7) | 3 (0.8) | 2 (0.9) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.5) | 3 (0.8) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 19 (4.9) | 12 (5.6) |
| Recurrent disease-not HCV or HCC | 7 (1.8) | 1 (0.5) | 2 (0.5) | 0 (0) | 5 (1.3) | 1 (0.5) | 5 (1.3) | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 (0.9) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 19 (5.0) | 4 (1.9) |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 0 (0) | 1 (0.5) | 3 (0.8) | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 (1.0) | 5 (2.3) |
| Neuropraxia | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.5) | 4 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 (1.3) | 5 (2.3) |
| Infection | 17 (4.4) | 4 (1.9) | 100 (26.0) | 58 (26.9) | 10 (2.6) | 3 (1.4) | 25 (6.5) | 2 | 19 | 4 | 8 (3.7) | 1 | 7 | 0 | 152 (39.6) | 77 (33.8) |
1
Vascular complications include hepatic artery thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis and inferior vena cava thrombosis.
2
The chi-square test comparing % Clavien grade 4 in LDLT versus DDLT: unplanned reexploration (p = 0.026), vascular complications (p = 0.002).
3
The chi-square test comparing % any Clavien grade in LDLT versus DDLT: any biliary complication (p < 0.001), biliary leak/biloma (p < 0.001), upper/lower Gl bleeding (p = 0.006), unplanned reexploration (p = 0.004), hepatic encephalopathy (p = 0.01) and vascular complications (p = 0.03).