Table 1.
Immunovirological response and treatment switch by baseline characteristics
| n with immunovirological success (%) | immunovirological success: odds ratio (95%CI) | p value | n (%) with treatment switch within 48 months | estimated probability of switch within 48 months (95% CI) | Hazard ratio (95%CI) for switch within 48 months | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||||||
| males (n: 64, 63%) | 41/64 (64) | 0.93 (0.40-2.15) | 0.860 | 39/64 (61) | 0.67 (0.54-0.80) | 1.23 (0.63-2.42) | 0.533 |
| females (n: 38, 37%) | 25/38 (66) | 19/38 (50) | 0.56 (0.38-0.74) | ||||
| Age (years) | |||||||
| median (IQR): 44 (37.5-50) | |||||||
| ≥ 50 (n: 27, 26%) | 20/27 (74) | 1.80 (0.68-4.79) | 0.235 | 19/27 (70) | 0.72 (0.54-0.90) | 1.73 (0.93-3.22) | 0.085 |
| < 50 (n: 75, 74%) | 46/75 (61) | 39/75 (52) | 0.61 (0.48-0.74) | ||||
| Nationality | |||||||
| Italy (n: 83, 81%) | 54/83 (65) | 1.09 (0.39-3.06) | 0.876 | 50/83 (60) | 0.67 (0.56-0.78) | 1.61 (0.70-3.69) | 0.262 |
| Other countries (n: 19, 19%) | 12/19 (63) | 8/19 (42) | 0.52 (0.25-0.79) | ||||
| Transmission | |||||||
| Heterosexuals (n: 73, 72%) | 46/73 (63) | reference category | 42/73 (57) | 0.66 (0.54-0.78) | reference category | ||
| men who have sex with men (n: 24, 23%) | 17/24 (71) | 1.42 (0.52-3.88) | 0.487 | 14/24 (58) | 0.73 (0.52-0.94) | 0.90 (0.45-1.80) | 0.768 |
| IVDUs/infected blood (n: 5, 5%) | 3/5 (60) | 0.88 (0.14-5.61) | 0.893 | 2/5 (40) | 0.60 (0.16-1.00) | 0.57 (0.13-2.55) | 0.460 |
| HIV clinical stage | |||||||
| AIDS (n: 43, 42%) | 27/43 (63) | 0.86 (0.38-1.97) | 0.730 | 22/43 (51) | 0.60 (0.43-0.77) | 0.76 (0.43-1.34) | 0.335 |
| non-AIDS (n: 59, 58%) | 39/59 (66) | 36/59 (61) | 0.68 (0.54-0.82) | ||||
| Hepatitis virus coinfections | |||||||
| Yes (n: 9, 9%) * | 5/9 (56) | 0.66 (0.16-2.61) | 0.550 | 6/9 (67) | 0.72 (0.40-1.00) | 1.60 (0.65-3.96) | 0.308 |
| No (n: 93, 91%) | 61/93 (66) | 52/93 (56) | 0.63 (0.52-0.74) | ||||
| Baseline CD4+ T cells/μL | |||||||
| median (IQR): 104.5 (48-160) | |||||||
| < 100/μL (n: 48, 47%) | 24/48 (50) | 3.50 (1.49-8.23) | 0.003 | 27/48 (56) | 0.68 (0.52-0.84) | 0.97 (0.55-1.70) | 0.919 |
| ≥ 100/μL (n: 54, 53%) | 42/54 (78) | 31/54 (57) | 0.61 (0.47-0.75) | ||||
| Baseline HIV-RNA (copies/mL, log10) | |||||||
| median (IQR): 5.26 (4.99-5.58) | |||||||
| < 5 log10/mL (n: 26, 25%) | 19/26 (73) | 0.60 (0.22-1.59) | 0.304 | 12/26 (46) | 0.54 (0.32-0.76) | 0.88 (0.44-1.76) | 0.717 |
| ≥ 5 log10/mL (n: 76, 75% | 47/76 (62) | 46/76 (60) | 0.67 (0.55-0.79) | ||||
| First-line therapy | |||||||
| PIs ** (n: 78, 77%) | 49/78 (63) | 1.44 (0.53-3.88) | 0.474 | 52/78 (67) | 0.75 (0.64-0.86) | 4.41 (1.81-10.76) | 0.001 |
| NNRTIs (efavirenz: n: 24, 23%) | 17/24 (71) | 6/24 (25) | 0.27 (0.07-0.47) | ||||
*HBV: 4 (4%); HCV: 3 (3%); HBV+HCV: 2 (2%).
** Unboosted PIs: 16 (indinavir: 7, nelfinavir: 8, saquinavir: 1); Boosted PIs: 62 (indinavir 2, lopinavir 60)