Table 2.
Adjusted Anthropometric and Metabolic Measures in HIV-Infected Compared to HIV-Exposed but Uninfected (HEU) Children
| Outcome* | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometric Outcomes |
Mean Difference Between HIV-infected and HEU |
95% CI | P-value |
| Weight z-score (SD) | −0.77 | −1.07, −0.48 | <0.001 |
| Height z−score (SD) | −0.76 | −1.02, −0.50 | <0.001 |
| BMI z−score (SD) | −0.49 | −0.76, −0.22 | <0.001 |
| Body fat % | −4.67 | −7.37, −1.97 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | −4.78 | −7.84, −1.72 | 0.002 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | −4.90 | −7.88, −1.92 | 0.001 |
|
HIV-infected relative to HEU*** |
95% CI | P-value | |
| Waist:hip ratio | 0.99 | 0.97, 1.01 | 0.24 |
| Metabolic Outcomes** | |||
| Total cholesterol | 1.05 | 1.0, 1.11 | 0.04 |
| LDL-cholesterol | 1.03 | 0.96, 1.11 | 0.43 |
| HDL-cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.94, 1.05 | 0.89 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol | 1.08 | 1.01, 1.16 | 0.02 |
| Total cholesterol/HDL | 1.06 | 1.0, 1.13 | 0.06 |
| Triglycerides | 1.32 | 1.18, 1.48 | <0.001 |
*
Z-scores were adjusted for race/ethnicity and Tanner stage as they are already standardized for age and sex. All other outcomes were adjusted for age, sex, race, and Tanner stage. HEU is reference.
**
Waist:hip ratio and all lipids were log10 transformed for analysis and then exponentiated in the table.
***
As an example, the interpretation of the estimate for total cholesterol is that on average the HIV-infected have a 1.05 times greater (or 5% greater) total cholesterol value than the HEU.
BMI = body mass index; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein