Table 3.
Comparison of Biomarkers of Vascular Dysfunction among HIV-Infected with and without Hyperlipidemia and HIV-Exposed, but Uninfected (HEU) Children (Unadjusted)
| Median [25th, 75th] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biomarker* | HIV HL N= 89 |
HIV no HL N=137 |
HEU HL N=40 |
HEU no HL N=100 |
Overall P-value** |
| Inflammation | |||||
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.4 [0.20, 1.20] |
0.4 [0.20, 1.10] |
0.8 [0.30, 2.55] |
0.5 [0.20, 2.20] |
0.28 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 1.1 [0.70, 1.65] |
1.0 [0.70, 1.7] |
1.2 [0.80, 2.40] |
1.15 [0.65, 1.75] |
0.33 |
| MCP-1 (pg/mL) | 106 [91, 142]1,2,3 |
101 [76, 131]1 |
97 [73, 125]2 |
89 [74, 117]3 |
0.004 |
| Coagulant Dysfunction | |||||
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 381 [339, 421]1,2 |
355 [314, 398]1 |
360 [311, 415] |
340 [292, 391]2 |
0.001 |
| P-selectin (ng/mL) | 36.9 [27.2, 47.2]1 |
29.3 [22.6, 44.9]1,2,3 |
40.8 [28.9, 52.2]2 |
35.3 [25.5, 51.2]3 |
0.005 |
| Endothelial Dysfunction | |||||
| sICAM (ng/mL) | 280 [168, 341]1 |
283 [170, 338] |
261 [164, 314] |
241 [150, 321]1 |
0.12 |
| sVCAM (ng/mL) | 766 [659, 952]1,2 |
776 [667, 1040]3 |
643 [540, 809]1,3 |
693 [581, 822]2 |
<0.001 |
| E-selectin (ng/mL) | 51 [38.8, 64.8]1 |
41.3 [27.3, 59.3]1,2,3 |
61.7 [45.0, 76.9]2,4 |
48.0 [35.9, 68.0]3,4 |
<0.001 |
| Metabolic Dysfunction | |||||
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 9.0 [6.5, 11.3] |
9.6 [7.6, 12.2] |
8.7 [7.3, 11.2] |
9.2 [7.8, 11.9] |
0.26 |
*
HL = hyperlipidemia; CRP = C-reactive protein; IL-6 = interleukin-6; MCP-1 = monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; sICAM = soluble intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1; sVCAM = soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
**
Overall P value from Kruskal-Wallis test for any difference across groups. Results with the same superscript are significantly different (p≤0.05) from each other based on the Wilcoxon test.