Table 2.
Dairy intake and hazard rations (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of lethal prostate cancer (N=298) among 3,918 men with prostate cancer.
| Dairy product intake | No. | Model 11 | Model 22 | Model 33 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total milk, servings | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| 0-3/month | 44 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| >3/month to 4/week | 57 | 0.87 | (0.57-1.32) | 0.90 | (0.59-1.37) | 1.01 | (0.65-1.56) |
| >4/week to 1/day | 119 | 1.09 | (0.76-1.58) | 1.10 | (0.75-1.59) | 1.14 | (0.77-1.69) |
| >1/day | 78 | 0.96 | (0.64-1.44) | 0.95 | (0.63-1.43) | 0.89 | (0.58-1.37) |
| P trend | 0.92 | 0.77 | 0.33 | ||||
| Skim to 2% fat milk, servings | |||||||
| 0-3/month | 66 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| >3/month to 4/week | 57 | 0.77 | (0.53-1.12) | 0.78 | (0.54-1.15) | 0.85 | (0.57-1.27) |
| >4/week to 1/day | 104 | 0.86 | (0.62-1.20) | 0.84 | (0.60-1.18) | 0.86 | (0.61-1.23) |
| >1/day | 71 | 0.82 | (0.57-1.19) | 0.81 | (0.56-1.18) | 0.73 | (0.49-1.09) |
| P trend | 0.62 | 0.57 | 0.17 | ||||
| Whole milk, servings | |||||||
| 0-3/month | 264 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| >3/month to 4/week | 13 | 0.87 | (0.48-1.58) | 0.83 | (0.45-1.53) | 0.89 | (0.47-1.67) |
| >4/week | 21 | 2.07 | (1.26-3.40) | 2.09 | (1.27-3.44) | 2.15 | (1.28-3.60) |
| P trend | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| Total dairy, quintiles4, servings | |||||||
| 1 (0 to 0.9/day) | 60 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| 2 (>0.9 to 1.3/day) | 58 | 0.82 | (0.56-1.21) | 0.83 | (0.56-1.23) | 0.83 | (0.55-1.25) |
| 3 (>1.3 to 1.8/day) | 58 | 0.80 | (0.54-1.19) | 0.80 | (0.53-1.19) | 0.96 | (0.63-1.46) |
| 4 (>1.8 to 2.9/day) | 64 | 0.80 | (0.54-1.19) | 0.80 | (0.53-1.20) | 0.83 | (0.54-1.27) |
| 5 (>2.9/day) | 58 | 0.71 | (0.47-1.08) | 0.70 | (0.46-1.07) | 0.68 | (0.43-1.05) |
| P trend | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.09 | ||||
| Low-fat dairy, quintiles4, servings | |||||||
| 1 (0 to 0.1/day) | 65 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| 2 (>0.1 to 0.6/day) | 52 | 0.68 | (0.46-1.01) | 0.72 | (0.49-1.07) | 0.76 | (0.50-1.14) |
| 3 (>0.6 to 1.0/day) | 60 | 0.80 | (0.55-1.16) | 0.81 | (0.55-1.18) | 0.83 | (0.56-1.23) |
| 4 (>1.0 to 1.4/day) | 67 | 0.86 | (0.59-1.24) | 0.86 | (0.59-1.26) | 0.95 | (0.64-1.41) |
| 5 (>1.4/day) | 54 | 0.67 | (0.45-1.00) | 0.68 | (0.46-1.02) | 0.62 | (0.40-0.95) |
| P trend | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.07 | ||||
| Full-fat dairy, quintiles4, servings | |||||||
| 1 (0 to 0.2/day) | 46 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| 2 (>0.2 to 0.6/day) | 72 | 1.58 | (1.06-2.35) | 1.57 | (1.05-2.34) | 1.50 | (0.99-2.27) |
| 3 (>0.6 to 1.0/day) | 63 | 1.38 | (0.92-2.08) | 1.37 | (0.90-2.07) | 1.33 | (0.86-2.06) |
| 4 (>1.0 to 1.7/day) | 55 | 1.07 | (0.70-1.63) | 1.06 | (0.69-1.63) | 1.04 | (0.66-1.62) |
| 5 (>1.7/day) | 62 | 1.34 | (0.87-2.06) | 1.30 | (0.83-2.04) | 1.30 | (0.82-2.07) |
| P trend | 0.91 | 0.95 | 0.95 | ||||
Adjusted for age at diagnosis (continuous), and total caloric intake (quintiles).
Adjusted for variables in model 1 + smoking status (non-smoker, smoker), BMI (<25, 25-29.9, 30+), exercise in MET-hours/wk (quintiles), tomato sauce intake (<1 serving/wk, 1-1.99 servings/wk, 2- servings/wk), and alpha-linolenic acid intake (quintiles).
Adjusted for variables in model 1 + 2 + TNM stage (T1, T2, T3a), Gleason score (<7, 7, >7, unknown), and PSA at diagnosis (<10, 10-20, >20, unknown).
Cut points for quintiles of servings/day refer to the cut points for the baseline year, 1986. The cut points for the quintiles vary over time.