Table A2. Apparent prevalence of avian influenza virus in various waterfowl and wetland-associated game bird species as determined by VI and real-time RT-PCR from cloacal swabs collected from hunter-harvested waterfowl, Texas mid–Gulf Coast, USA, September 2007–January 2008*.
| Species |
No. tested |
Real-time RT-PCR,†
no. (%) |
VI,† no. (%) |
Isolate‡ |
| American wigeon (Anas americana) | 51 | 8 (15.7) | 0 | – |
| Fulvous whistling duck (Dendrocygna bicolor) | 14 | 1 (7.1) | 0 | – |
| Gadwall (Anas strepera) | 160 | 10 (6.3) | 1 (0.6) | H6N1 |
| Mottled duck (Anas fulvigula) | 26 | 1 (3.9) | 0 | – |
| Mottled duck x Mallard (A. fulvigula x A. platyrhynchos) | 2 | 1§ | 1§ | H6N8 |
| Northern pintail (Anas acuta) | 62 | 13 (21.0) | 3 (4.8) | H4N8, H10N3, H10N3/7 |
| Northern shoveler (Anas clypeata) | 239 | 38 (15.9) | 10 (4.2) | H4N2, H5N2 (2), H5N3, H6N2 (2), H10N2, H10N7, H11N9 (2) |
| Ring-necked duck (Aythya collaris) | 17 | 1 (5.9) | 0 | – |
| Ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis) | 36 | 2 (5.6) | 1 (2.8) | H2N3 |
| Teal, blue-winged (Anas discors) | 1,213 | 155 (12.8) | 73 (6.0) | H1N1 (2), H2N8, H3N4, H3N6 (2), H3N8 (9), H4N1, H4N6 (17), H4N8 (6), H5N2 (2), H5N3 (2), H6N1, H7N1, H7N1/4, H7N4, H7N7 (5), H10N?, H10N3 (2), H10N3/7, H10N7 (7), H11N9 (3) |
| Teal, cinnamon (Anas cyanoptera) | 2 | 1§ | 1§ | H7N3 |
| Teal, green-winged (Anas crecca) | 464 | 38 (8.2) | 7 (1.5) | H5N2, H7N1/4, H7N3, H10N3, H10N3/7, H10N7, H11N9 |
| Snow goose (Chen eaerulescens) |
43 |
3 (7.0) |
0 |
– |
| Total¶ | 2,424 | 272 (11.2) | 97 (4.0) | – |
*VI, virus isolation; RT-PCR, reverse transcription–PCR. †Number positive (apparent prevalence). Numbers and apparent prevalence for VI are after RT-PCR result. ‡Isolates typed by the National Veterinary Services Laboratory. Seven isolates were confirmed as avian influenza but were unable to be subtyped. Included are virus isolates that were RT-PCR negative on the original sample. §Apparent prevalence not calculated due to the small sample size. ¶Other species sampled that were negative for AI by RT-PCR and VI, number sampled: American coot (Fulica americana), 27; Black-bellied whistling duck (Dendrocygna autumnalis), 9; Canvasback (Aythya valisineria), 3; Common snipe (Gallinago gallinago), 2; Greater white-front goose (Anser albifrons), 3; Hooded merganser (Laphodytes cucullatus), 3; Least grebe (Tachybaptus dominicus), 1; Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis), 26; Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), 4; Redhead (Aythya amercana), 3; Ross’s goose (Anser albifrons), 5; Sandhill crane (Grus candensis), 8; and unidentified teal, 1.