Table 3. Analysis of risk factors for acquiring HEV infection in 601 solid-organ transplant recipients, France, January 2004–December 2008*.
| Characteristic | Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative risk (95% CI) | p value | Relative risk (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Male sex | 1.56 (0.73–3.35) | 0.24 | – | – | |
| Age at transplantation <52 y | 2.58 (1.20–5.53) | 0.01 | 2.8 (1.3–6.0) | 0.008 | |
| Living in rural area (<20,000 inhabitants) | 0.6 (0.28–1.32) | 0.21 | |||
| Having a liver transplant | 1.78 (0.88–3.60) | 0.10 | 2.03 (1–4.13) | 0.05 | |
| Indication of liver transplantation | |||||
| Alcohol | 0.95 (0.29–3.10) | 0.94 | – | – | |
| Hepatitis B or C | 1.34 (0.47–3.80) | 0.58 | – | – | |
| Autoimmune | 3.1 (0.75–13.15) | 0.11 | – | – | |
| Other causes | 2.52 (0.77–8.24) | 0.12 | – | – | |
| Indication of kidney transplantation | |||||
| Glomerulonephritis | 0.49 (0.19–1.28) | 0.15 | – | – | |
| Genetic nephritis | 1.06 (0.37–3.02) | 0.90 | – | – | |
| Pyelonephritis or interstitial nephritis | 0.20 (0.02–1.52) | 0.13 | – | – | |
| Nephroangiosclerosis | 1.45 (0.55–3.68) | 0.46 | – | – | |
| Other causes | 2.52 (0.77–8.24) | 0.12 | – | – | |
| Induction therapy | |||||
| Yes | 0.83 (0.39–1.74) | 0.62 | – | – | |
| ATG | 1.19 (0.53–2.65) | 0.66 | – | – | |
| Anti-IL2R | 0.95 (0.49–1.94) | 0.95 | – | – | |
| Immunosuppressive therapy at discharge | |||||
| Belatacept | 0.49 (0.06–3.60) | 0.48 | – | – | |
| Cyclosporine A | 0.72 (033–1.55) | 0.41 | – | – | |
| Tacrolimus | 1.49 (0.73–3.07) | 0.27 | – | – | |
| Steroids | 0.74 (0.17–3.11) | 0.68 | – | – | |
| Mycophenolate | 0.84 (0.34–2.02) | 0.69 | – | – | |
| Azathioprine | 0 | 1 | |||
| Double regimen | 1.07 (0.50–2.30) | 0.85 | – | – | |
| Triple regimen | 0.99 (0.46–2.13) | 0.99 | |||
*HEV, hepatitis E virus: CI, confidence interval; –, not significant; ATG, antithymoglobulin; anti-IL2R, interleukin-2 receptor blockers.