Table 3.
Associations of bullying-related behaviours (at least once monthly) with socioeconomic variables and psychiatric morbidity.
| (base = Not involved in bullying-related behaviours) OR (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Victims | Perpetrators | Victims-Perpetrators | |
| Female Gender | 0.56 (0.37-0.85) | 0.22 (0.15-0.33) | 0.33 (0.20-0.55) |
| Grade | |||
| 10th | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 11th | 0.80 (0.49-1.29) | 1.39 (0.95-2.04) | 1.37 (0.77-2.43) |
| 12th | 0.63 (0.39-1.00) | 1.09 (0.71-1.70) | 0.49 (0.26-0.90) |
| Father's Educational Level | |||
| Primary | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Secondary Basic | 1.04 (0.52-2.06) | 1.00 (0.52-1.93) | 1.30 (0.57-2.96) |
| Secondary Complete | 0.75 (0.43-1.32) | 1.04 (0.56-1.93) | 0.84 (0.40-1.79) |
| Technological degree | 0.65 (0.30-1.42) | 0.98 (0.48-2.01) | 0.34 (0.13-0.93) |
| University degree | 0.95 (0.50-1.81) | 1.22 (0.59-2.50) | 0.98 (0.45-2.15) |
| Mother's Educational Level | |||
| Primary | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Secondary Basic | 0.94 (0.48-1.83) | 1.34 (0.67-2.67) | 1.95 (0.81-4.67) |
| Secondary Complete | 0.73 (0.42-1.27) | 1.14 (0.63-2.07) | 1.10 (0.51-2.37) |
| Technological degree | 0.48 (0.22-1.02) | 0.52 (0.24-1.15) | 1.66 (0.65-4.24) |
| University degree | 0.70 (0.29-1.67) | 0.94 (0.45-1.96) | 1.58 (0.62-4.05) |
| Financial Difficulties | |||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Very few | 1.38 (0.85-2.23) | 1.18 (0.79-1.76) | 1.14 (0.67-1.95) |
| Some/A lot | 1.22 (0.71-2.11) | 1.33 (0.77-2.30) | 1.41 (0.72-2.76) |
| School Performance | |||
| Excellent | 2.05 (0.90-4.66) | 0.53 (0.26-1.11) | 1.35 (0.61-3.01) |
| Very good | 1.41 (0.83-2.39) | 0.53 (0.33-0.86) | 0.86 (0.43-1.71) |
| Good | 1.41 (0.85-2.36) | 0.79 (0.52-1.21) | 1.23 (0.68-2.21) |
| Fair | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Father's Employment Type | |||
| Public sector employee | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Private sector employee | 1.02 (0.58-1.78) | 0.87 (0.51-1.49) | 0.70 (0.38-1.27) |
| Self-employed | 1.21 (0.76-1.91) | 1.61 (0.99-2.63) | 0.92 (0.51-1.68) |
| Retired | 0.77 (0.31-1.92) | 0.32 (0.14-0.71) | 0.89 (0.22-3.60) |
| Unemployed/Other | 2.28 (0.86-6.05) | 2.32 (1.19-4.51) | 0.73 (0.24-2.26) |
| Mother's Employment Type | |||
| Employee (public or private) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Self-employed | 1.41 (0.72-2.76) | 1.08 (0.63-1.88) | 2.01 (0.84-4.78) |
| Unemployed | 0.63 (0.29-1.39) | 0.87 (0.41-1.88) | 1.39 (0.47-4.10) |
| Looks after house | 0.67 (0.40-1.11) | 1.00 (0.65-1.57) | 2.11 (1.20-3.69) |
| Retired//Other | 0.47 (0.21-1.06) | 0.86 (0.39-1.91) | 2.53 (1.16-5.52) |
| BMI | |||
| < 19 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 19-22 | 0.80 (0.48-1.33) | 1.41 (0.84-2.37) | 0.89 (0.47-1.69) |
| 22-25 | 0.85 (0.47-1.55) | 1.32 (0.73-2.41) | 1.05 (0.51-2.13) |
| 25-30 | 1.28 (0.59-2.79) | 1.10 (0.57-2.13) | 2.00 (0.94-4.22) |
| > = 30 | 2.42 (0.49-11.98) | 1.85 (0.57-5.99) | 1.41 (0.33-6.01) |
| Psychiatric Symptoms | |||
| No symptoms | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Subthreshold symptoms | 2.15 (1.03-4.50) | 1.65 (1.04-2.60) | 4.52 (1.94-10.54) |
| Mild symptoms | 3.06 (1.43-6.52) | 1.92 (1.22-3.03) | 3.77 (1.67-8.52) |
| Severe symptoms | 6.32 (3.30-12.09) | 1.75 (1.08-2.86) | 7.57 (3.33-17.23) |
Adjusted odds ratios of bullying-related behaviours in adolescents 16-18 years old attending senior high schools in Greece (N = 2,427)
OR: Odds ratio
CI: Confidence Interval