Table 4.
Associations of bullying-related behaviours (at least once weekly or more) with socioeconomic variables and psychiatric morbidity.
| (base = Not involved in bullying-related behaviours)* OR (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|
| Victims | Perpetrators | |
| Female Gender | 0.89 (0.38-2.07) | 0.08 (0.04-0.19) |
| Grade | ||
| 10th | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 11th | 0.55 (0.26-1.18) | 1.25 (0.61-2.56) |
| 12th | 0.34 (0.15-0.77) | 0.25 (0.10-0.61) |
| Father's Educational Level | ||
| Primary | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Secondary Basic | 1.87 (0.68-5.10) | 1.63 (0.51-5.19) |
| Secondary Complete | 0.85 (0.30-2.38) | 1.09 (0.34-3.47) |
| Technological degree | 0.21 (0.04-0.92) | 0.67 (0.19-2.31) |
| University degree | 1.05 (0.32-3.41) | 0.60 (0.19-1.88) |
| Mother's Educational Level | ||
| Primary | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Secondary Basic | 0.59 (0.19-1.80) | 0.65 (0.18-2.30) |
| Secondary Complete | 0.75 (0.30-1.84) | 0.24 (0.07-0.77) |
| Technological degree | 0.59 (0.15-2.35) | 0.53 (0.13-2.20) |
| University degree | 0.74 (0.17-3.14) | 0.50 (0.11-2.25) |
| Financial Difficulties | ||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Very few | 0.91 (0.41-2.02) | 2.08 (0.94-4.59) |
| Some/A lot | 1.50 (0.58-3.86) | 2.93 (0.97-8.81) |
| School Performance | ||
| Excellent | 1.79 (0.49-6.52) | 0.86 (0.28-2.65) |
| Very good | 0.66 (0.25-1.74) | 0.21 (0.08-0.55) |
| Good | 0.83 (0.34-2.00) | 0.62 (0.30-1.30) |
| Fair | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Father's Employment Type | ||
| Public sector employee | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Private sector employee | 1.73 (0.64-4.70) | 1.30 (0.44-3.83) |
| Self-employed | 1.16 (0.47-2.85) | 4.62 (1.91-11.19) |
| Retired | 0.41 (0.05-3.40) | 0.65 (0.13-3.26) |
| Unemployed/Other | 2.06 (0.56-7.62) | 1.62 (0.32-8.08) |
| Mother's Employment Type | ||
| Employee (public or private) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Self-employed | 0.50 (0.12-2.07) | 0.69 (0.22-2.17) |
| Unemployed | 0.21 (0.02-1.95) | 1.53 (0.33-7.15) |
| Looks after house | 1.15 (0.47-2.81) | 0.63 (0.26-1.50) |
| Retired//Other | 0.22 (0.02-2.45) | 0.20 (0.04-1.11) |
| BMI | ||
| < 19 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 19-22 | 0.77 (0.31-1.90) | 4.94 (1.75-13.94) |
| 22-25 | 1.02 (0.38-2.77) | 3.13 (1.06-9.28) |
| 25-30 | 0.62 (0.19-2.01) | 5.49 (1.48-20.38) |
| > = 30 | 8.86 (1.89-41.77) | 0.50 (0.05-5.68) |
| Psychiatric Symptoms | ||
| No symptoms | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Subthreshold symptoms | 1.52 (0.46-5.07) | 3.00 (1.11-8.06) |
| Mild symptoms | 1.24 (0.34-4.55) | 3.39 (1.21-9.50) |
| Severe symptoms | 4.67 (1.51-14.47) | 4.54 (1.52-13.56) |
Adjusted odds ratios of bullying-related behaviours in adolescents 16-18 years old attending senior high schools in Greece (N = 2,427)
* Please note that due to the small number of pupils with bullying-related behaviours in the fourth group of victims-perpetrators, odds ratios could not be calculated, therefore we only present odds ratios for victims vs. not involved and perpetrators vs. not involved
OR: Odds ratio
CI: Confidence Interval