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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Mar 12.
Published in final edited form as: Eur J Pharmacol. 2011 Mar 24;658(2-3):242–247. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.02.043

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Shikonin inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production in rat primary macrophage cultures. Rat primary macrophage cultures were pretreated with either solvent DMSO (DM) or indicated concentrations of shikonin for 1.5 h and then exposed to LPS (1 μg/ml). At 2 and 4 h after LPS treatment, TNFα level in cultured supernatants was determined by ELISA kit. Values represent means ± S.D. (n=3). *P<0.05, compared with DM group; #P<0.05, compared with LPS group.