Table 1.
Baseline comparisons of relevant maternal and neonatal variables between music and control groups.
| Variable | Music group (n = 126) | Control group (n = 134) | Test statistic | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal factors | ||||
| Maternal age (years) (mean ± SD) | 23.8 ± 1.9 | 24.9 ± 2.3 | t = −1.14, df = 258 | 0.2542 |
| Gestational age at enrolment (completed weeks) (mean ± SD) | 13.1 ± 2.4 | 12.7 ± 2.9 | t = 1.21, df = 258 | 0.2283 |
| Family socioeconomic class (I, II and III, IV, and V) | 4, 88, 34 | 7, 91, 36 | χ 2 = 0.68, df = 2 | 0.7117 |
| Maternal professional status (working, housewife) | 45, 81 | 49, 85 | χ 2 = 0.02, df = 1 | 0.8862 |
| Mode of delivery (vaginal, caesarean section) | 97, 29 | 98, 36 | χ 2 = 0.51, df = 1 | 0.4737 |
|
| ||||
| Neonatal factors | ||||
| Sex (male : female) | 69, 57 | 71, 63 | χ 2 = 0.08, df = 1 | 0.7739 |
| Birth weight (grams) (mean ± SD) | 2693.5 ± 94.7 | 2686.1 ± 89.9 | t = 0.646, df = 258 | 0.5186 |
SD: standard deviation; Socioeconomic classes as per Kuppuswamy's socioeconomic status scale 2003 modification: I: upper, II: upper middle, III: lower middle, IV: upper lower, V: lower.