(b)
| Disorder | N = patients | Study type | Active agent | Outcome | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UC2 | 16 | OL | OFS + IN + Bif | Improved clinical endoscopy | [240] |
| UC1 | 120 | RCT | Bif/Psy/Bif + Psy | Improved quality of life with Bif + Psy | [241] |
| CD3 | 30 | OL | Mixed fiber + IN + 4 Lacto | Failed to prevent relapse | [242] |
| CD2 | 10 | OL | Psy + Bif + Lacto | Clinical improvement | [243] |
| CD2 | 35 | DBRCT | OFS + IN + Bif | Clinical improvement | [244] |
| P2 | 10 | OL | OFS, Lacto | Improved and remit | [245] |
RCT: randomized controlled trial; DBRCT: double-blind randomized controlled trial; OL: open labeled; GBF: germinated barley foodstuffs; FOS: fructo-oligosaccharides (<5 degrees of polymerization); OFS: oligofructose (5–10 degrees of polymerization); IN: inulin (<200 degrees of polymerization); Psy: psyllium; Bif: Bifidobacteria species; Lacto: Lactobacillus species.
*Crossover design,
1Disease in remission,
2Active disease,
3Maintenance after surgery.