Table 2. EBV-specific CD8+ T-cell IFN-γ Response by Residence and Age Groupa.
| EBV lytic antigens | EBV latent antigens | PHAb | ||||||
| n | % | Medianc | n | % | Medianc | n | % | |
| (range) | (range) | |||||||
| Baseline (July–August 2002) | ||||||||
| Kisumu | ||||||||
| 0–4 years | 7/16 | 43.8 | 96 (14–166) | 8/16 | 50.0 | 43 (20–98) | 13/16 | 81.3 |
| 5–9 years | 8/33 | 24.2 | 67 (18–170) | 6/33 | 18.2 | 47 (16–448) | 31/33 | 93.9 |
| ≥10 years | 5/17 | 29.4 | 150 (20–350) | 5/17 | 29.4 | 46 (16–404) | 15/17 | 88.2 |
| Nandi | ||||||||
| 0–4 years | 12/30 | 34.3 | 98 (28–836) | 8/30 | 26.7 | 70 (18–146) | 28/30 | 93.3 |
| 5–9 years | 15/35 | 42.9 | 50 (22–792) | 11/35 | 31.4 | 84 (42–668) | 33/35 | 94.3 |
| ≥10 years | 8/18 | 22.9 | 53 (36–304) | 8/18 | 44.4 | 88 (26–1322) | 18/18 | 100 |
| First follow-up (February–March 2003) | ||||||||
| Kisumu | ||||||||
| 0–4 years | 4/16 | 25.0 | 46 (40–128) | 2/16 | 12.5 | 55 (32–78) | 16/16 | 100 |
| 5–9 years | 1/33 | 3.0 | 20 (20) | 6/33 | 18.2 | 15 (14–132) | 31/33 | 93.9 |
| ≥10 years | 5/17 | 29.4 | 30 (18–162) | 2/17 | 11.8 | 23 (18–28) | 16/17 | 94.1 |
| Nandi | ||||||||
| 0–4 years | 6/30 | 20.0 | 98 (24–744) | 4/30 | 13.3 | 77 (32–128) | 26/30 | 86.7 |
| 5–9 years | 8/35 | 22.9 | 82 (16–1742) | 8/35 | 22.9 | 58 (20–248) | 34/35 | 97.1 |
| ≥10 years | 5/18 | 27.8 | 54 (32–382) | 3/18 | 16.7 | 54 (14–354) | 18/18 | 100 |
| Second follow-up (July–August 2004) | ||||||||
| Kisumu | ||||||||
| 0–4 years | 5/16 | 31.3 | 76 (30–84) | 2/16 | 12.5 | 106 (64–148) | 15/16 | 93.8 |
| 5–9 years | 3/33 | 9.1 | 60 (56–150) | 3/33 | 9.1 | 42 (24–74) | 33/33 | 100 |
| ≥10 years | 3/17 | 17.7 | 250 (40–288) | 1/17 | 5.9 | 16 (16) | 17/17 | 100 |
| Nandi | ||||||||
| 0–4 years | 8/30 | 26.7 | 50 (14–384) | 2/30 | 6.7 | 69 (58–80) | 25/30 | 83.3 |
| 5–9 years | 7/35 | 20.0 | 76 (14–278) | 6/35 | 17.1 | 59 (14–214) | 31/35 | 88.6 |
| ≥10 years | 5/18 | 27.8 | 26 (14–130) | 5/18 | 27.8 | 56 (22–122) | 18/18 | 100 |
n, number; %, percentage; EBV, Epstein-Barr Virus; PHA, Phytohemagglutinin.
a
Data in the table are weighted according to the 149 children who participated in all surveys and had interpretable Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) specific CD8+ T-cell IFN-γ response.
b
Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was used as a positive control.
c
Median EBV-specific CD8+ T-cell IFN-γ responses were calculated among children with positive responses and is expressed as spot forming units (SFU) per 1×106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).