TABLE 1.
Participant characteristics1
| Characteristic2 | Total | Men | Women |
| n | 33 | 11 | 22 |
| n (%) | |||
| Race | |||
| Non-Hispanic white | 27 (82) | 9 (82) | 18 (82) |
| African American | 2 (6) | 1 (9) | 1 (5) |
| Other | 4 (12) | 1 (9) | 3 (14) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Nonsmoker | 17 (52) | 5 (46) | 12 (55) |
| Current smoker | 5 (15) | 3 (27) | 2 (9) |
| Past smoker | 11 (33) | 3 (27) | 8 (36) |
| Menopausal status | |||
| Premenopausal | N/A | N/A | 9 (41) |
| Oral contraceptive use | N/A | N/A | 1 (5) |
| Postmenopausal | N/A | N/A | 13 (59) |
| Hormone therapy | N/A | N/A | 3 (14) |
| Fasting glucose status | |||
| Normal | 22 (67) | 7 (64) | 15 (68) |
| Impaired | 11 (33) | 4 (36) | 7 (32) |
| Metabolic syndrome | 18 (55) | 7 (64) | 11 (50) |
| Age, y | 49.5 ± 1.6 | 48.1 ± 3.3 | 50.2 ± 1.7 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 30.6 ± 0.5 | 30.7 ± 0.9 | 30.6 ± 0.5 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 105.3 ± 1.3 | 108.8 ± 1.5 | 103.6 ± 1.8 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 5.29 ± 0.08 | 5.30 ± 0.15 | 5.29 ± 0.10 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.26 ± 0.14 | 5.05 ± 0.33 | 5.37 ± 0.13 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.17 ± 0.10 | 3.10 ± 0.23 | 3.20 ± 0.11 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.34 ± 0.08 | 0.98 ± 0.06 | 1.52 ± 0.09 |
| Non-HDL-C, mmol/L | 3.92 ± 0.14 | 4.07 ± 0.30 | 3.84 ± 0.14 |
| TC:HDL-C | 4.24 ± 0.22 | 5.21 ± 0.31 | 3.75 ± 0.23 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.64 ± 0.15 | 2.12 ± 0.33 | 1.39 ± 0.13 |
| Alcoholic drinks, n/wk | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 3.2 ± 1.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
1
Data are (%) or mean ± SEM. HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol.
2
Laboratory values determined in plasma for glucose and serum for lipids.