TABLE 2.
Variable2 | Control | 15 g/d HAM-RS2 | 30 g/d HAM-RS2 | P |
Men | ||||
n | 11 | 11 | 11 | |
ln SG,100 x min− | 0.85 ± 0.14 (2.35) | 0.79 ± 0.14 (2.19) | 0.84 ± 0.14 (2.31) | 0.88 |
ln AIRG, pmol x L x min− | 7.98 ± 0.28 (2918) | 7.52 ± 0.28 (1844) | 7.88 ± 0.28 (2637) | 0.06 |
Total FFA, mmol/L | 0.46 ± 0.05 | 0.50 ± 0.05 | 0.47 ± 0.05 | 0.81 |
ln Acetate, μmol/L | 4.3 ± 0.2 (75.2) | 4.5 ± 0.2 (90.5) | 4.6 ± 0.2 (96.2) | 0.61 |
ln Butyrate, μmol/L | −0.2 ± 0.4 (0.8) | 0.5 ± 0.4 (1.6) | 0.9 ± 0.4 (2.4) | 0.21 |
ln Propionate, μmol/L | 2.0 ± 0.2 (7.1) | 1.9 ± 0.2 (6.5) | 2.0 ± 0.2 (7.4) | 0.80 |
Women | ||||
n | 22 | 21 | 22 | |
SG, x 100 min− | 2.54 ± 0.17 | 2.33 ± 0.18 | 2.34 ± 0.18 | 0.41 |
AIRG, pmol x L x min− | 2540 ± 340 | 2120 ± 344 | 2720 ± 349 | 0.14 |
Total FFA, mmol/L | 0.56 ± 0.04 | 0.67 ± 0.05 | 0.59 ± 0.04 | 0.07 |
ln Acetate, μmol/L | 4.2 ± 0.1a (68.9) | 4.2 ± 0.1ab (69.5) | 4.4 ± 0.1b (84.5) | 0.03 |
ln Butyrate, μmol/L | −0.4 ± 0.3 (0.7) | −0.1 ± 0.3 (0.9) | −0.1 ± 0.3 (0.9) | 0.73 |
ln Propionate, μmol/L | 1.8 ± 0.1 (6.0) | 1.7 ± 0.1 (5.4) | 1.8 ± 0.1 (6.1) | 0.69 |
Data are least squares mean ± SEM (geometric least squares mean of the transformed data). Means in a row with superscripts without a common letter differ, < 0.05. AIRG, acute insulin response to i.v. glucose; HAM-RS2, high-amylose maize type 2 resistant starch; SG, glucose effectiveness.
Glucose homeostasis variables and SCFA concentrations are from measurements in plasma; FFA concentrations were measured in serum.