Table 3.
Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB)
| Characteristic | Total | Died | Alive | P value§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N | 139 | 111 (80%) | 28 (20%) | |
| Female sex: n (%) | 78 (56) | 57 (51) | 21 (75) | 0.06 |
| Median age, years: (IQR) | 34 (29-42) | 35 (29-43) | 32 (26-37) | 0.80 |
| Positive sputum smear: n (%) | 84 (63) | 73 (68) | 11 (41) | 0.009 |
| DST pattern: HRCxKm resistant | 33 (24) | 23 (21) | 10 (36) | 0.21 |
| HRECxKm resistant | 6 (4) | 5 (5) | 1 (4) | 0.48 |
| HRSCxKm resistant | 23 (17) | 15 (14) | 8 (29) | 0.28 |
| HRESCxKm resistant | 77 (55) | 68 (61) | 9 (32) | 0.02 |
| Tested for HIV: n (%) | 117 (84) | 93 (84) | 24 (86) | – |
| HIV Positive: n (% tested) | 115 (98) | 92 (99) | 23 (96) | 0.13 |
| CD4 Available at Diagnosis: n (% of HIV+) | 59 (51) | 44 (48) | 15 (65) | – |
| Median CD4, cells/mm3: (IQR) | 78 (30-169) | 61 (28-150) | 158 (53-221) | 0.03 |
| CD4 <50 cells/mm3: n (% CD4 available) | 20 (34) | 17 (39) | 3 (20) | – |
| CD4 51-200 cells/mm3: n (% CD4 available) | 28 (47) | 22 (50) | 6 (40) | – |
| CD4 >200 cells/mm3: n (% CD4 available) | 11 (19) | 5 (11) | 6 (40) | – |
| Received ART (time dependent): n (% of HIV+) | 28 (24) | 20 (22) | 8 (35) | 0.005 |
| Extrapulmonary XDR-TB: n (%) | 41 (30) | 35 (32) | 6 (21) | 0.64 |
| Previous TB treatment, Any: n (%) | 97 (70) | 82 (74) | 15 (56) | 0.33 |
| Hospitalization within past year: n (%) | 73 (53) | 64 (58) | 9 (32) | 0.02 |
DST: Drug-susceptibility test; H: isoniazid; R: rifampin; E: ethambutol; S: streptomycin; Cx: ciprofloxacin; Km: kanamycin; IQR: interquartile range; ART: antiretroviral therapy
§
p values determined based on product limit estimates and log rank tests