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Models of how GARP helps regulate TGFβ activation. (A) GARP prevents secretion of proTGFβ and displays it on the cell surface. (B) GARP outcompetes LTBP for assembly into complexes with proTGFβ during biosynthesis. (C) αVβ6 integrin on the surface of one cell binds to the RGD motif in LAP and collaborates with GARP on another cell to generate tensile force across the complex and thereby induce the conformational changes in LAP, which lead to the release and hence activation of TGFβ.
