Table 2.

Survival at 1, 5, and 10 Years in a Cohort of 9,272 Community-dwelling Persons 70 Years and Older According to Sociodemographics, Diagnostic Category, and Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Stages.^*

		Survival Numbers and Rates
Variable	Total Sample Size	1 Year	5 Years	10 Years
Variable	no. (%)	no. (%)	no. (%)	no. (%)
Sex
Female	5587 (59.8)	5387 (96.3)^a	4260 (76.5)^a	2778 (49.8)^a

Male	3685 (40.2)	3481 (94.5)^a	2520 (68.7)^a	1499 (41.4)^a

Race
White	7926 (88.3)	7586 (95.7)	5823 (73.7)	3693 (46.8)^b

Black	986 (7.7)	936 (94.5)	694 (69.7)	409 (41.0)^b

Other	360 (4.0)	346 (95.4)	263 (72.4)	175 (48.6)^b

Age
70–74	4265 (46.6)	4137 (96.8)^a	3508 (82.3)^a	2629 (61.9)^a

75–79	2502 (27.0)	2407 (96.3)^a	1857 (74.3)^a	1105 (44.1)^a

80–84	1557 (16.4)	1473 (94.4)^a	995 (63.7)^a	436 (27.6)^a

≥85	948 (9.9)	851 (89.7)^a	420 (44.6)^a	107 (11.2)^a

High School Graduation
No	3906 (40.9)	3716 (95.0)^b	2702 (69.2)^a	1570 (40.3)^a

Yes	5366 (59.1)	5152 (95.9)^b	4078 (76.2)^a	2707 (50.7)^a

Marital Status
Not Married	4352 (46.4)	4156 (95.3)	3069 (70.6)^a	1793 (40.9)^a

Married	4920 (53.6)	4712 (95.8)	3711 (75.7)^a	2484 (51.2)^a

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
No	8404 (90.4)	8071 (95.9)^a	6237 (74.4)^a	3986 (47.7)^a

Yes	868 (9.6)	797 (92.2)^a	543 (63.2)^a	291 (34.5)^a

Asthma
No	8734 (94.3)	8361 (95.6)	6420 (73.7)^a	4049 (46.7)

Yes	538 (5.7)	507 (94.4)	360 (67.2)^a	228 (41.8)

Diabetes
No	8169 (88.4)	7831 (95.8)^b	6100 (75.0)^a	3920 (48.3)^a

Yes	1103 (11.6)	1037 (94.1)^b	680 (60.8)^a	357 (32.1)^a

Cancer
No	7715 (82.8)	7410 (96.0)^a	5738 (74.6)^a	3643 (47.5)^a

Yes	1557 (17.2)	1458 (93.4)^a	1042 (67.3)^a	634 (41.2)^a

Heart (Coronary Artery Disease [CAD])
No	7400 (79.8)	7130 (96.2)^a	5612 (76.1)^a	3653 (49.7)^a

Yes	1872 (20.2)	1738 (92.9)^a	1168 (62.6)^a	624 (33.3)^a

Heart other
No	8623 (93.0)	8264 (95.8)^a	6388 (74.3)^a	4051 (47.4)^a

Yes	649 (7.0)	604 (92.8)^a	392 (60.2)^a	226 (34.1)^a

Hypertension
No	5225 (56.9)	5013 (95.9)	3874 (74.3)^b	2512 (48.5)^a

Yes	4047 (43.1)	3855 (95.1)	2906 (72.0)^b	1765 (43.7)^a

Stroke
No	8505 (91.8)	8169 (95.9)^a	6336 (74.7)^a	4090 (48.4)^a

Yes	767 (8.2)	699 (91.6)^a	444 (57.7)^a	187 (23.9)^a

Arthritis
No	4953 (53.3)	4739 (95.6)	3632 (73.7)	2365 (48.5)^a

Yes	4319 (46.7)	4129 (95.5)	3148 (73.0)	1912 (44.1)^a

Osteoporosis
No	8618 (92.6)	8236 (95.5)	6296 (73.2)	3978 (46.5)

Yes	654 (7.4)	632 (96.7)	484 (75.0)	299 (45.2)

Cognitive impaired^c
No	8779 (94.9)	8450 (96.2)^a	6594 (75.3)^a	4221 (48.4)^a

Yes	493 (5.1)	418 (84.3)^a	186 (36.9)^a	56 (10.9)^a

Mental Serious
No	9045 (97.5)	8669 (95.8)^a	6661 (73.9)^a	4226 (47.1)^a

Yes	227 (2.5)	199 (85.7)^a	119 (51.2)^a	51 (21.6)^a

Stages
ADL 0	6645 (72.1)	6485 (97.5)^a	5314 (80.0)^a	3575 (54.2)^a

ADL I	1505 (16.1)	1402 (93.0)^a	934 (62.2)^a	480 (31.3)^a

ADL II	662 (7.0)	597 (89.7)^a	350 (53.2)^a	152 (22.5)^a

ADL III	414 (4.3)	355 (86.2)^a	177 (43.3)^a	68 (16.7)^a

ADL IV	46 (0.5)	29 (65.8)^a	5 (12.7)^a	2 (4.2)^a

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; ADL, activities of daily living; Heart (CAD) involves coronary heart disease, angina, heart attack or myocardial infarction; Heart other includes any heart disease other than in Heart (CAD)

All sample sizes were unweighted and all rates (%) were weighted according to the complex sample design.

P≤0.001

P<0.05

Approximated by reliance on proxy use because of “Alzheimer’s disease, poor memory, senility or confusion.”