FIG. 1.

Diagram illustrating the scenario of Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) misclassification. To simulate the situation, we assumed that (1) the misclassification can only be made between moderate disability (MD) and two adjacent categories (good recovery [GR] and severe disability [SD]), and (2) no misclassification for the category of vegetative status (VS). Based on these assumptions, the GOS misclassification was simulated through two independent binary situations, that is, between MD and GR, and between MD and SD, and the overall expected MD was recalculated provided the above, which is the observed MD plus the differences between the two independently reclassified MDs and the observed data.