Table 2.
Multivariable-adjusted* relative risks headache status according to biomarker tertiles in the EVA Study (N=1155).
| No severe headache (n=925) | Non-migraine headache (n=64) | Migraine without aura (n=143) | Migraine with aura (n=23) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | RR (95% CI) | n | % | RR (95% CI) | n | % | RR (95% CI) | |
| Total Cholesterol | |||||||||||
| 1st tertile | 318 | 34.4 | 21 | 32.8 | 1.00 | 44 | 30.8 | 1.00 | 2 | 8.7 | 1.00 |
| 2nd tertile | 309 | 33.4 | 27 | 42.2 | 1.37 (0.75, 2.50) | 45 | 31.5 | 0.94 (0.59, 1.49) | 9 | 39.1 | 4.67 (0.99, 21.97) |
| 3rd tertile | 298 | 32.2 | 16 | 25.0 | 0.86 (0.43, 1.72) | 54 | 37.8 | 0.97 (0.62, 1.52) | 12 | 52.2 | 5.97 (1.29, 27.61) |
| LDL | |||||||||||
| 1st tertile | 310 | 33.5 | 23 | 35.9 | 1.00 | 46 | 32.2 | 1.00 | 5 | 21.7 | 1.00 |
| 2nd tertile | 316 | 34.2 | 22 | 34.4 | 0.97 (0.53, 1.78) | 47 | 32.9 | 0.98 (0.62, 1.54) | 9 | 39.1 | 1.82 (0.60, 5.55) |
| 3rd tertile | 299 | 32.3 | 19 | 29.7 | 0.89 (0.47, 1.69) | 50 | 35.0 | 0.95 (0.60, 1.49) | 9 | 39.1 | 1.87 (0.61, 5.77) |
| HDL | |||||||||||
| 1st tertile | 326 | 35.2 | 21 | 32.8 | 1.00 | 35 | 24.5 | 1.00 | 6 | 26.1 | 1.00 |
| 2nd tertile | 306 | 33.1 | 25 | 39.1 | 1.34 (0.72, 2.50) | 54 | 37.8 | 1.22 (0.75, 1.96) | 7 | 30.4 | 0.98 (0.32, 3.06) |
| 3rd tertile | 293 | 31.7 | 18 | 28.1 | 1.02 (0.50, 2.09) | 54 | 37.8 | 1.14 (0.69, 1.88) | 10 | 43.5 | 1.35 (0.44, 4.19) |
| Non-HDL | |||||||||||
| 1st tertile | 304 | 32.9 | 22 | 34.4 | 1.00 | 53 | 37.1 | 1.00 | 4 | 17.4 | 1.00 |
| 2nd tertile | 315 | 34.1 | 22 | 34.4 | 0.99 (0.53, 1.84) | 45 | 31.5 | 0.83 (0.53, 1.30) | 10 | 43.5 | 2.66 (0.81, 8.75) |
| 3rd tertile | 306 | 33.1 | 20 | 31.3 | 0.94 (0.50, 1.79) | 45 | 31.5 | 0.74 (0.47, 1.16) | 9 | 39.1 | 2.39 (0.71, 8.05) |
| Triglyercides | |||||||||||
| 1st tertile | 308 | 33.3 | 20 | 31.3 | 1.00 | 55 | 38.5 | 1.00 | 4 | 17.4 | 1.00 |
| 2nd tertile | 317 | 34.3 | 18 | 28.1 | 0.90 (0.46, 1.73) | 47 | 32.9 | 0.85 (0.55, 1.31) | 7 | 30.4 | 1.85 (0.53, 6.45) |
| 3rd tertile | 300 | 32.4 | 26 | 40.6 | 1.43 (0.75, 2.72) | 41 | 28.7 | 0.88 (0.55, 1.41) | 12 | 52.2 | 4.42 (1.32, 14.77) |
| Cholesterol Ratio | |||||||||||
| 1st tertile | 293 | 31.7 | 23 | 35.9 | 1.00 | 59 | 41.3 | 1.00 | 6 | 26.1 | 1.00 |
| 2nd tertile | 321 | 34.7 | 21 | 32.8 | 0.82 (0.44, 1.52) | 43 | 30.1 | 0.73 (0.47, 1.13) | 8 | 34.8 | 1.45 (0.49, 4.32) |
| 3rd tertile | 311 | 33.6 | 20 | 31.3 | 0.78 (0.41, 1.51) | 41 | 28.7 | 0.82 (0.51, 1.30) | 9 | 39.1 | 2.03 (0.67, 6.20) |
LDL=low density lipoprotein; HDL=high density lipoprotein; cholesterol ratio=total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol
Relative risks are odds ratios calculated from a multinominal logistic regression model using participants in the lowest tertile of each biomarker and without history of migraine as reference group.
Adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, ever cholesterol medication use, alcohol consumption, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body mass index.
Tertile cutpoints for the first and second tertiles were defined as the following: total cholesterol: 5.71 and 6.49 mmol/l, LDL cholesterol: 3.42 and 4.19 mmol/L, HDL cholesterol 1.5 and 1.9 mmol/l, non-HDL cholesterol: 3.97 and 4.79 mmol/l, triglycerides: 0.98 and 1.42 mmol/l, and cholesterol ratio: 3.18 and 4.03 respectively. All values greater than these cutpoints were categorized as being in the third tertile.