Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies according to the polymorphisms investigated
| a) Polymorphisms that were investigated in at least 2 studies | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNF-alpha -308G>A (rs1800629) polymorphism | ||||||||
| Study size with genotype information | ||||||||
| Author | Country | Setting | Participants | Controls | Migraine | MA | MO | Comment |
| Trabace 2002 (20) | Italy | clinic | all | 101 | 79 | 32 | 47 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 45 | 62 | 27 | 35 | ||||
| males | 56 | 17 | 5 | 12 | ||||
| Rainero 2004 (16) | Italy | clinic | all | 306 | 299 | 38 | 261 | |
| females | 231 | 215 | NA | NA | ||||
| males | 75 | 84 | NA | NA | ||||
| Herken 2005 (23) | Turkey | clinic | all | 60 | 60 | 40 | 20 | Cases and controls are predominantly male. |
| females | 8 | 11 | NA | NA | ||||
| males | 52 | 49 | NA | NA | ||||
| Mazaheri 2006 (15) | Iran | clinic | all | 183 | 221 | ---- | 221 | |
| females | 123 | 196 | ---- | 196 | ||||
| males | 60 | 25 | ---- | 25 | ||||
| Lee 2007 (21) | Korea | clinic | all/females | 382 | 439 | 65 | 327 |
Other gene variants investigated: total of 15 SNPs in the TNF-alpha/TNF-beta region. |
| Asuni 2009 (19) | Italy (Sardinia) | clinic | all | 278 | 299 | ---- | 299 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 144 | 261 | ---- | 261 | ||||
| males | 134 | 38 | ---- | 38 | ||||
| Schürks 2009 (17) | US | population | all/females | 20,425 | 4577 | 1275 | 1951 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253), rs1041981; TNF-alpha -238G>A (rs361525), -376G>A (rs1800750), 244G>A (rs673). |
| Ghosh 2010 (14) | India | clinic | all | 216 | 216 | 84 | 132 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 152 | 152 | 63 | 89 | ||||
| males | 64 | 64 | 21 | 43 | ||||
| Yilmaz 2010 (18) | Turkey | clinic | all | 96 | 67 | ---- | 67 |
Other gene variants investigated:
IL-1RA VNTR, IL- 1beta 3953C>T (rs1143634), IL-1alpha 4845G>T (rs17561). |
| females | 83 | 57 | ---- | 57 | ||||
| males | 13 | 10 | ---- | 10 | ||||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | Northern Greece | clinic | all | 178 | 103 | ---- | 103 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-alpha - 238G>A (rs361525), TNF-alpha -376A>G (rs1800750), TNF-alpha -857C>T (rs1799724), TNF- alpha -1031T>C (rs1799964), TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 60 | 57 | ---- | 57 | ||||
| males | 118 | 46 | ---- | 46 | ||||
| Total number of subjects | 22,227 | 6360 | 1534 | 3428 | ||||
| TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253) polymorphism | ||||||||
| Study size with genotype information | ||||||||
| Author | Country | Setting | Participants | Controls | Migraine | MA | MO | Comment |
| Trabace 2002 (20) | Italy | clinic | all | 101 | 77 | 30 | 47 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-alpha -308G>A (rs1800629). |
| females | 43 | 60 | 25 | 35 | ||||
| males | 58 | 17 | 5 | 12 | ||||
| Lee 2007 (21) | Korea | clinic | all/females | 382 | 439 | 65 | 327 |
Other gene variants investigated: total of 15 SNPs in the TNF-alpha/TNF-beta region. |
| Asuni 2009 (19) | Italy (Sardinia) | clinic | all | 278 | 299 | ---- | 299 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-alpha -308G>A (rs1800629). |
| females | 144 | 261 | ---- | 261 | ||||
| males | 134 | 38 | ---- | 38 | ||||
| Schürks 2009 (17) | US | population | all/females | 19,269 | 4332 | 1213 | 1824 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta rs1041981; TNF-alpha -238G>A (rs361525), - 308G>A (rs1800629), -376G>A (rs1800750), 244G>A (rs673). |
| Ghosh 2010 (14) | India | clinic | all | 216 | 216 | 84 | 132 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 152 | 152 | 63 | 89 | ||||
| males | 64 | 64 | 21 | 43 | ||||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | Northern Greece | clinic | all | 178 | 103 | ---- | 103 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-alpha -238G>A (rs361525), TNF-alpha -376A>G (rs1800750), TNF- alpha -857C>T (rs1799724), TNF-alpha -1031T>C (rs1799964), TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 60 | 57 | ---- | 57 | ||||
| males | 118 | 46 | ---- | 46 | ||||
| Total number of subjects | 20,424 | 5466 | 1392 | 2732 | ||||
| TNF-alpha -238G>A (rs361525) and TNF-alpha -376G>A (rs1800750) polymorphisms | ||||||||
| Study size with genotype information | ||||||||
| Author | Country | Setting | Participants | Controls | Migraine | MA | MO | Comment |
| Schürks 2009 (17) | US | population | all/females | 20,425 | 4577 | 1275 | 1951 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-beta rs1041981; TNF-alpha -238G>A (rs361525), -376G>A (rs1800750), 244G>A (rs673) |
| Pappa 2010 (22) | Northern Greece | clinic | all | 178 | 103 | ---- | 103 |
Other gene variants investigated:
TNF-alpha -308G>A (rs1800629), TNF-alpha -857C>T (rs1799724), TNF alpha -1031T>C (rs1799964), TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253). |
| females | 60 | 57 | ---- | 57 | ||||
| males | 118 | 46 | ---- | 46 | ||||
| Total number of subjects | 20,603 | 4680 | 1275 | 2054 | ||||
| b) Polymorphisms that were investigated in single studies | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Country | Setting | Gene | Polymorphism | Association | |||
| Lee 2007 (21) | Korea | clinic | TNF-alpha/ TNF-beta | rs13192469; rs2516390; rs928815; rs2844483; rs2009658; rs915654; rs2071590; rs2239704; rs3889157; rs1800630; rs3093664; rs769177 |
No | |||
| TNF-beta | rs2844482 | Yes | ||||||
| Schürks 2009 (17) | US | population | TNF-alpha | rs673 | Yes | |||
| TNF-beta | rs1041981 | No | ||||||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | Northern Greece | clinic | TNF-alpha | rs1799724; rs1799964 | No | |||
TNF: tumor necrosis factor; IL-1: Interleukin 1; MA: migraine with aura; MO: migraine without aura; NA: not available.