Table 3.
Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between the investigated polymorphisms and migraine
| TNF-alpha -308G>A (rs1800629) polymorphism | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additive | dominant | recessive | |||||||
| Author | Participants | Disease status | Study size | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
| Trabace 2002 (20) | all | controls | 101 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 79 | 1.176 (0.541–2.559) | 0.682 | 1.465 (0.610–3.523) | 0.393 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 32 | 1.665 (0.671–4.131) | 0.272 | 2.291 (0.805–6.521) | 0.120 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 47 | 0.841 (0.314–2.253) | 0.730 | 0.974 (0.318–2.982) | 0.963 | --- | --- | ||
| females | controls | 45 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 62 | 1.457 (0.494–4.294) | 0.495 | 1.970 (0.576–6.738) | 0.280 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 27 | 1.982 (0.599–6.554) | 0.262 | 2.928 (0.744–11.524) | 0.124 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 35 | 1.026 (0.294–3.573) | 0.968 | 1.323 (0.306–5.708) | 0.708 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 56 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 17 | 0.833 (0.185–3.754) | 0.812 | 0.933 (0.175–4.980) | 0.936 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 5 | 1.368 (0.183–10.201) | 0.760 | 1.750 (0.170–17.987) | 0.638 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 12 | 0.607 (0.081–4.543) | 0.627 | 0.636 (0.071–5.714) | 0.687 | --- | --- | ||
| Rainero 2004 (16) | all | controls | 306 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 299 | 0.365 (0.250–0.531) | <0.0001 | 0.351 (0.235–0.525) | <0.0001 | 0.090 (0.012–0.701) | 0.022 | ||
| MA | 38 | 0.694 (0.346–1.389) | 0.302 | 0.747 (0.349–1.598) | 0.452 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 261 | 0.323 (0.214–0.487) | <0.0001 | 0.303 (0.196–0.468) | <0.0001 | 0.103 (0.013–0.804) | 0.030 | ||
| females | controls | 231 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 215 | 0.339 (0.215–0.537) | <0.0001 | 0.337 (0.209–0.545) | <0.0001 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 75 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 84 | 0.415 (0.215–0.803) | 0.009 | 0.377 (0.179–0.794) | 0.010 | 0.214 (0.023–1.957) | 0.172 | ||
| Herken 2005 (23) | all | controls | 62 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 60 | 0.802 (0.297–2.165) | 0.664 | 0.654 (0.218–1.966) | 0.450 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 40 | 0.654 (0.187–2.287) | 0.507 | 0.654 (0.187–2.287) | 0.507 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 20 | 1.033 (0.283–3.766) | 0.961 | 0.655 (0.129–3.316) | 0.609 | --- | --- | ||
| Mazaheri 2006 (15) | all | controls | 183 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 221 | 3.166 (2.113–4.745) | <0.0001 | 3.520 (2.298–5.393) | <0.0001 | 1.962 (0.500–7.697) | 0.334 | ||
| females | controls | 123 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 196 | 4.278 (2.655–6.895) | <0.0001 | 4.271 (2.620–6.963) | <0.0001 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 60 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 25 | 1.415 (0.599–3.346) | 0.429 | 1.966 (0.715–5.406) | 0.190 | --- | --- | ||
| Lee 2007 (21) | all/females | controls | 382 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 439 | 1.178 (0.798–1.740) | 0.410 | 1.263 (0.836–1.910) | 0.268 | 0.289 (0.030–2.787) | 0.283 | ||
| MA | 65 | 1.390 (0.711–2.716) | 0.335 | 1.565 (0.761–3.216) | 0.223 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 327 | 1.151 (0.759–1.745) | 0.509 | 1.226 (0.786–1.912) | 0.369 | 0.388 (0.040–3.747) | 0.413 | ||
| Asuni 2009 (19) | all | controls | 278 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 299 | 0.864 (0.512–1.458) | 0.583 | 0.852 (0.491–1.479) | 0.570 | 0.929 (0.058–14.932) | 0.959 | ||
| females | controls | 144 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 261 | 0.916 (0.475–1.766) | 0.792 | 0.871 (0.441–1.719) | 0.690 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 134 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 38 | 0.707 (0.205–2.436) | 0.583 | 0.735 (0.200–2.703) | 0.643 | --- | --- | ||
| Schürks 2009 (17) | all/females | controls | 20,425 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 4577 | 1.029 (0.969–1.092) | 0.356 | 1.046 (0.976–1.120) | 0.201 | 0.941 (0.775–1.143) | 0.542 | ||
| MA | 1275 | 1.136 (1.025–1.258) | 0.015 | 1.166 (1.036–1.313) | 0.011 | 1.124 (0.817–1.544) | 0.473 | ||
| MO | 1951 | 0.975 (0.893–1.064) | 0.568 | 0.968 (0.875–1.070) | 0.524 | 0.993 (0.754–1.308) | 0.959 | ||
| Ghosh 2010 (14) | all | controls | 216 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 216 | 1.683 (0.995–2.846) | 0.052 | 1.790 (1.045–3.065) | 0.034 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 84 | 2.054 (1.084–3.893) | 0.027 | 2.234 (1.155–4.321) | 0.017 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 132 | 1.436 (0.788–2.617) | 0.238 | 1.528 (0.823–2.838) | 0.180 | --- | --- | ||
| females | controls | 152 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 152 | 1.750 (0.950–3.222) | 0.073 | 1.907 (1.015–3.583) | 0.045 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 63 | 2.436 (1.191–4.983) | 0.015 | 2.751 (1.309–5.781) | 0.008 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 89 | 1.284 (0.624–2.639) | 0.497 | 1.390 (0.654–2.952) | 0.392 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 64 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 64 | 1.508 (0.536–4.245) | 0.437 | 1.508 (0.536–4.245) | 0.437 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 21 | 0.857 (0.164–4.486) | 0.855 | 0.857 (0.164–4.486) | 0.855 | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 43 | 1.861 (0.621–5.581) | 0.268 | 1.861 (0.621–5.581) | 0.268 | --- | --- | ||
| Yilmaz 2010 (18) | all | controls | 96 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 67 | 3.321 (1.785–6.178) | 0.000 | 3.768 (1.849–7.676) | 0.0003 | 11.074 (1.330–92.207) | 0.026 | ||
| females | controls | 83 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 57 | 3.521 (1.772–6.996) | 0.000 | 4.206 (1.909–9.268) | 0.0004 | 9.644 (1.129–82.419) | 0.038 | ||
| males | controls | 13 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 10 | 2.473 (0.543–11.264) | 0.242 | 2.250 (0.407–12.439) | 0.353 | --- | --- | ||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | all | controls | 178 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 103 | 0.667 (0.348–1.276) | 0.221 | 0.691 (0.351–1.362) | 0.286 | --- | --- | ||
| females | controls | 60 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 57 | 0.704 (0.287–1.725) | 0.443 | 0.750 (0.289–1.944) | 0.554 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 118 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 46 | 0.555 (0.202–1.525) | 0.254 | 0.563 (0.199–1.596) | 0.280 | --- | --- | ||
| TNF-beta 252A>G (rs909253) polymorphism | |||||||||
| additive | dominant | recessive | |||||||
| Author | Participants | Disease status | Study size | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
| Trabace 2002 (20) | all | controls | 101 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 77 | 0.564 (0.359–0.885) | 0.013 | 0.492 (0.269–0.898) | 0.021 | 0.418 (0.156–1.116) | 0.082 | ||
| MA | 30 | 0.763 (0.427–1.362) | 0.360 | 0.574 (0.253–1.304) | 0.185 | 0.988 (0.331–2.947) | 0.983 | ||
| MO | 47 | 0.438 (0.246–0.780) | 0.005 | 0.445 (0.220–0.901) | 0.025 | 0.107 (0.014–0.833) | 0.033 | ||
| females | controls | 43 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 60 | 1.296 (0.701–2.397) | 0.408 | 1.381 (0.620–3.075) | 0.430 | 1.481 (0.349–6.284) | 0.594 | ||
| MA | 25 | 1.925 (0.937–3.954) | 0.074 | 2.148 (0.788–5.855) | 0.135 | 3.332 (0.722–15.367) | 0.123 | ||
| MO | 35 | 0.886 (0.413–1.898) | 0.755 | 0.997 (0.396–2.510) | 0.995 | 0.392 (0.039–3.946) | 0.427 | ||
| males | controls | 58 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 17 | 0.584 (0.226–1.507) | 0.266 | 0.671 (0.219–2.060) | 0.486 | --- | --- | ||
| MA | 5 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||
| MO | 12 | 0.882 (0.330–2.353) | 0.801 | 1.231 (0.355–4.271) | 0.744 | --- | --- | ||
| Lee 2007 (21) | all/females | controls | 382 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 439 | 1.180 (0.975–1.430) | 0.090 | 1.107 (0.824–1.487) | 0.499 | 1.470 (1.045–2.068) | 0.027 | ||
| MA | 65 | 1.195 (0.822–1.737) | 0.351 | 1.178 (0.662–2.094) | 0.578 | 1.386 (0.735–2.611) | 0.313 | ||
| MO | 327 | 1.188 (0.966–1.462) | 0.103 | 1.120 (0.815–1.540) | 0.486 | 1.471 (1.022–2.118) | 0.038 | ||
| Asuni 2009 (19) | all | controls | 278 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 299 | 1.461 (1.061–2.013) | 0.020 | 1.552 (1.078–2.233) | 0.018 | 1.569 (0.562–4.374) | 0.390 | ||
| females | controls | 144 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 261 | 1.205 (0.812–1.787) | 0.355 | 1.213 (0.778–1.893) | 0.395 | 1.486 (0.388–5.691) | 0.563 | ||
| males | controls | 134 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 38 | 2.155 (1.128–4.116) | 0.020 | 2.585 (1.190–5.612) | 0.016 | 2.426 (0.390–15.075) | 0.342 | ||
| Schürks 2009 (17) | all/females | controls | 19,269 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 4332 | 1.005 (0.957–1.056) | 0.828 | 1.019 (0.954–1.089) | 0.577 | 0.978 (0.881–1.086) | 0.680 | ||
| MA | 1213 | 1.024 (0.939–1.116) | 0.597 | 1.063 (0.945–1.195) | 0.309 | 0.955 (0.794–1.150) | 0.630 | ||
| MO | 1824 | 1.001 (0.931–1.075) | 0.988 | 0.990 (0.899–1.091) | 0.846 | 1.026 (0.883–1.192) | 0.736 | ||
| Ghosh 2010 (14) | all | controls | 216 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 216 | 1.000 (0.736–1.358) | 1.000 | 0.963 (0.657–1.411) | 0.845 | 1.165 (0.541–2.511) | 0.697 | ||
| MA | 84 | 1.080 (0.724–1.612) | 0.705 | 0.981 (0.589–1.636) | 0.942 | 1.644 (0.656–4.123) | 0.289 | ||
| MO | 132 | 0.948 (0.661–1.359) | 0.772 | 0.951 (0.613–1.476) | 0.823 | 0.874 (0.340–2.251) | 0.781 | ||
| females | controls | 152 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 152 | 1.135 (0.781–1.648) | 0.507 | 1.150 (0.723–1.829) | 0.555 | 1.268 (0.486–3.304) | 0.628 | ||
| MA | 63 | 1.175 (0.734–1.880) | 0.502 | 1.085 (0.592–1.991) | 0.791 | 1.895 (0.630–5.705) | 0.256 | ||
| MO | 89 | 1.106 (0.710–1.722) | 0.655 | 1.198 (0.700–2.050) | 0.510 | 0.847 (0.248–2.897) | 0.791 | ||
| males | controls | 64 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| migraine | 64 | 0.759 (0.436–1.320) | 0.329 | 0.644 (0.321–1.294) | 0.217 | 1.000 (0.275–3.637) | 1.000 | ||
| MA | 21 | 0.947 (0.431–2.079) | 0.892 | 0.856 (0.318–2.299) | 0.757 | 1.242 (0.223–6.932) | 0.805 | ||
| MO | 43 | 0.672 (0.356–1.270) | 0.221 | 0.560 (0.256–1.224) | 0.146 | 0.885 (0.200–3.913) | 0.872 | ||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | all | controls | 178 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 103 | 0.852 (0.559–1.299) | 0.457 | 0.853 (0.513–1.417) | 0.539 | 0.679 (0.207–2.222) | 0.522 | ||
| females | controls | 60 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 57 | 0.805 (0.416–1.559) | 0.520 | 0.864 (0.404–1.849) | 0.706 | 0.339 (0.034–3.361) | 0.356 | ||
| males | controls | 118 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 46 | 0.927 (0.525–1.636) | 0.793 | 0.865 (0.425–1.762) | 0.690 | 1.106 (0.273–4.475) | 0.887 | ||
| TNF-alpha -238G>A (rs361525) polymorphism | |||||||||
| additive | dominant | recessive | |||||||
| Author | Participants | Disease status | Study size | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
| Schürks 2009 (17) | all/females | controls | 20,425 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 4577 | 0.967 (0.872–1.073) | 0.528 | 0.983 (0.882–1.096) | 0.763 | 0.495 (0.238–1.028) | 0.059 | ||
| MA | 1275 | 0.990 (0.826–1.187) | 0.916 | 1.011 (0.837–1.223) | 0.907 | 0.444 (0.109–1.812) | 0.258 | ||
| MO | 1951 | 0.866 (0.740–1.014) | 0.074 | 0.869 (0.737–1.025) | 0.095 | 0.581 (0.212–1.591) | 0.291 | ||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | all | controls | 178 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 103 | 1.549 (0.545–4.405) | 0.411 | 1.549 (0.545–4.405) | 0.411 | --- | --- | ||
| females | controls | 60 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 57 | 3.278 (0.331–32.467) | 0.310 | 3.278 (0.331–32.467) | 0.310 | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 118 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 46 | 1.510 (0.420–5.425) | 0.527 | 1.510 (0.420–5.425) | 0.527 | --- | --- | ||
| TNF-alpha -376G>A (rs1800750) polymorphism | |||||||||
| additive | dominant | recessive | |||||||
| Author | Participants | Disease status | Study size | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
| Schürks 2009 (17) | all/females | controls | 20,425 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| migraine | 4578 | 1.132 (0.943–1.358) | 0.182 | 1.144 (0.949–1.379) | 0.159 | 0.811 (0.180–3.661) | 0.786 | ||
| MA | 1276 | 1.352 (1.009–1.811) | 0.044 | 1.368 (1.010–1.852) | 0.043 | 1.458 (0.188–11.286) | 0.718 | ||
| MO | 1951 | 0.942 (0.708–1.253) | 0.682 | 0.960 (0.718–1.283) | 0.782 | --- | --- | ||
| Pappa 2010 (22) | all | controls | 178 | Referent | Referent | Referent | |||
| MO | 103 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||
| females | controls | 60 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 57 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||
| males | controls | 118 | Referent | Referent | Referent | ||||
| MO | 46 | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ||
TNF: tumor necrosis factor; OR: odds ratio; MA: migraine with aura; MO: migraine without aura.