Table 1.

Tumourigenic hypoxia related epigenetic changes and potential therapeutic strategies and targets.

	Modification observed in hypoxia related tumourigenesis	Therapeutic potential
DNA methylation	Global DNA hypomethylation	• DNMT inhibition in haematological malignancies • Re-expression of specific tumour suppressor genes (eg. VHL) through decitabine therapy
Histone modification	• Hypoxic regulation of histone demethylase activity • Up-regulation of HDAC1 and histone methyltransferase	• HDAC inhibitors disrupt HIF through altered transcription and degradation • Combination of HDAC inhibiton with mTOR inhibition has additive effect in vitro
miRNAs	mi-RNAs associated with diagnosis and prognosis eg mi-210	• Selected hypoxia related mi-RNA inhibition through - Anti-miRNA oligonucleotides - Antagomirs • Indirect regulation of miRNA through HIF inhibitors