Table 1.
General characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | Women (n = 1, 345) | Men (n = 785) |
|---|---|---|
| Biological factors | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD |
|
| ||
| Age (year) | 52.0 ± 14.3 | 53.7 ± 14.7 |
| Weight (kg) | 49.6 ± 8.1 | 56.2 ± 9.4 |
| Body mass index BMI (kg/m2) | 21.5 ± 3.1 | 21.5 ± 3.0 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 73.5 ± 7.5 | 75.9 ± 7.9 |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.85 ± 0.06 | 0.88 ± 0.06 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.1 ± 23.0 | 135.0 ± 22.0 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.3 ± 12.0 | 80.4 ± 12.4 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.69 ± 0.99 | 4.65 ± 1.06 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.32 ± 0.33 | 1.26 ± 0.34 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.71 ± 0.73 | 2.59 ± 0.75 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.80 ± 1.29 | 2.19 ± 1.82 |
| Fasting glucosaemia (mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 5.0 ± 1.3 |
| OGTT-2 h glucosaemia (mmol/L) | 6.8 ± 2.2 | 6.8 ± 3.0 |
|
| ||
| Self-reported behavioural factors | % | % |
|
| ||
| Current daily smoking | 4.3 | 54.1 |
| Excessive alcohol intake | 1.1 | 24.1 |
| Low fruit and vegetable diet | 38.1 | 44.3 |
| High salt diet | 27.1 | 32.2 |
| Physical inactivity | 11.5 | 13.7 |
| Having stress | 25.3 | 22.2 |
|
| ||
| Social factors | % | % |
|
| ||
| Residence | ||
| In rural area | 51.9 | 45.7 |
| In urban area | 48.1 | 54.3 |
| Education level | ||
| Secondary school and below | 69.3 | 67.5 |
| High school and above | 30.7 | 32.5 |
| Occupation | ||
| Government staff | 18.7 | 24.0 |
| Manual workers | 60.5 | 64.7 |
| Other | 20.8 | 11.3 |