Table 1.
Demographics of the Final Sample at the First Point of Measurement (valid cases only)
| State | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Pennsylvania (n=1390) | Iowa (n=1501) | Total | |
| Mean Age (SD) | 11.81 (0.43) | 11.85 (0.39) | 11.83 (0.41) |
| Gender (%) | |||
| Female | 714 (51.40) | 762 (50.90) | 1,476 (51.10) |
| Male | 675 (48.50) | 736 (49.10) | 1,411 (48.90) |
| Race (%) | |||
| Non-White | 222 (16.70) | 257 (18.70) | 480 (17.70)a |
| White | 1,104 (83.30) | 1,120 (81.30) | 2,233 (82.30) |
| Biological Parents (%) | |||
| Both biological parents | 849 (63.60) | 836 (59.90) | 1,689 (61.60) |
| Other | 486 (36.40) | 559 (40.10) | 1,051 (38.40) |
| Marital Status (%) | |||
| Single parent | 291 (21.80) | 340 (24.40) | 634 (23.10) |
| Dual parent | 1,044 (78.20) | 1,055 (75.60) | 2,106 (76.90) |
| School Transition (%) | |||
| no transition | 172 (12.40) | 0 (0.00) | 172 (6.00) |
| before 6th Grade | 555 (40.20) | 1,250 (83.80) | 1,805 (62.80) |
| before 7th Grade | 655 (47.40) | 242 (16.20) | 897 (31.20) |
Note. States differ significantly in mean age of students and school transition time point.
a
The category “Non-White” consists of 164 Latino/Hispanic people, 100 Black/African American, 50 Native American/American Indian, 37 Asian and 129 other people.