Table 3.
Comparison of the Diagnostic Criteria of Selected Schizophrenia Definitions
| Duration Criteria | Symptom Criteria | ||||||||||
| Name of Schizophrenia Definition/Diagnostic System | Author/Year | Operational Criteria | Illness | Psychosis | Exclusion of Affective Disorder | First-Rank Symptoms | Bizarre Delusions | Formal Thought Disorder | Autism | Blunted/Inadequate affect | Disturbance Self or of Personality |
| Schizophrenia | Bleuler 1908/191184 | − | − | − | − | − | − | + | + | BI | + |
| St Louis diagnostic criteria | Feighner 197288 | + | 6 mo | − | + | − | − | + | − | − | − |
| New Haven Schizophrenia Index | Astrachan 1972177 | + | − | − | − | − | − | + | + | BI | − |
| Flexible system | Carpenter WHO-IPSS 1973167 | + | − | − | − | − | + | + | − | BI | − |
| Present State Examination/Catego S+ | Wing 1974157 | + | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | − |
| Research Diagnostic Criteria | Spitzer 1975,181, 182 1978183 | + | − | 2 wk | + | + | + | + | − | B | − |
| ICD-9 | WHO 1978171 | − | − | − | − | + | − | + | + | BI | + |
| DSM-III | APA 19806 | + | 6 mo | Active phase | + | + | + | + | − | BI | − |
| Vienna Research Criteria | Berner 19834 | + | − | − | − | − | − | + | − | B | − |
| DSM-IIIR | APA 1987162 | + | 6 mo | Active phase | + | + | + | + | − | BI | − |
| ICD-10 | WHO 1993172 | + | − | 1 mo | + | + | + | + | − | BI | − |
| DSM-IV | APA 1994163 | + | 6 mo | 1 mo | + | + | + | + | − | B | − |
Note. +, present; –, not present, DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; ICD, International Classification of Diseases.