Table 3.

Linear Regression Parameter Estimates for Alcohol Attitude and Expectancy Models

Variable	Positive Attitudes	Positive Expectancies	Negative Attitudes	Negative Expectancies
Hispanic Subgroup (Ref: Cuban-American)
Puerto Rican	.024 (.020)	.273 (.071)^‡	−.008 (.029)	.115 (.070)
Mexican-American	.034 (.021)	.273 (.086)^†	−.014 (.031)	.163 (.070)^*
S/C American	.015 (.018)	.155 (.066)^*	.018 (.025)	.095 (.070)
Male (Ref: Female)	.094 (.015)^‡	.195 (.048)^‡	.013 (.018)	.026 (.046)
Age^a	−.001 (.001)^*	−.001 (.001)	.001 (.001)	.008 (.002)^‡
Income^a	.000 (.000)	.000 (.000)	−.001 (.0003) ^‡	−.001 (.001)
Religion (Ref: Catholic)
Protestant	−.041 (.030)	−.071 (.086)	.090 (.030)^†	.029 (.077)
Jewish/other	−.034 (.015)^*	.048 (.052)	.026 (.019)	.000 (.050)
U.S.-born (Ref: Foreign-born)	.060 (.017)^‡	.186 (.062)^†	−.031 (.025)	.110 (.059)
Acculturation (Ref: Low)
Moderate acculturation	−.035 (.020)	−.210 (.066)^†	−.016 (.021)	−.258 (.063)^‡
High acculturation	−.082 (.020)^‡	−.151 (.071)^*	−.084 (.023) ^‡	−.158 (.067)^*
Employment Status (Ref: Full/part-time employed)
Unemployed	.028 (.023)	.019 (.064)	−.049 (.028)	.043 (.064)
Retired/homemaker	.002 (.024)	−.052 (.082)	.030 (.027)	.009 (.083)
Disabled/never worked/other	.018 (.032)	.066 (.090)	−.019 (.032)	.050 (.104)
Education (Ref: No HS diploma)
HS diploma/GED	−.034 (.017)	−.112 (.073)	−.031 (.023)	−.056 (.062)
Some college or tech/vocational school	−.043 (.017)^*	−.096 (.075)	−.086 (.025) ^†	−.130 (.055)^*
4-year college degree, grad/prof school	−.045 (.022)^*	−.087 (.089)	−.125 (.034) ^‡	−.080 (.080)
Marital Status (Ref: Married & living with spouse)
Married not living with/separated/divorced/widowed	−.005 (.016)	−.016 (.059)	−.026 (.023)	.009 (.064)
Never married/never lived with someone	.029 (.016)	.052 (.062)	−.081 (.021) ^‡	−.029 (.051)
Intercept	.325 (.034)	1.04 (.120)	.682 (.048)	.682 (.120)

Significant/marginally significant linear contrasts
High vs. moderate acculturation	−.047 (.015)^†	-	−.068 (.021)^†	-
Protestant vs. Jewish/Other	-	-	.064 (.033)	-
Retired/homemaker vs. Unemployed	-	-	.079 (.036)^*	-
Never married/never lived vs. Married not living with/separated/divorced/widowed	-	-	−.055 (.025)^*	-
Some college or tech/vocational school vs. HS diploma/GED	-	-	−.055 (.023)^*	-
4-year college degree, grad/professional school vs. HS diploma/GED	-	-	−.095 (.030)^†	-

Note 1. Ref = Reference; S/C = South/Central; HS = high school; grad = graduate; prof = professional.

Note 2. Cell values are: Unstandardized parameter estimate (standard error).

Continuous variable

p<.05;

^†

p<.01;

^‡

p<.001.