Table 2. Oxylipin concentrations in BALF from 1) Healthy controls 2) Asthmatic controls and 3) Asthmatics following provocation.
PUFAa | Oxylipinb (pM) | Healthy controls (HC) | Asthmatic controls (AC) | Asthmatics following provocation (AFP) | Significancec | ||||||
HC/AC | HC/AFP | AC/AFP | Trendd | ||||||||
AVe | CVf | AV | CV | AV | CV | p | p | p | p | ||
AAg | 5-HETE | 89 | 66 | 135 | 62 | 131 | 62 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.83 | 0.071 |
12-HETE | 32 | 69 | 80 | 51 | 104 | 58 | 0.0081 | 0.012 | 0.30 | 0.022 | |
15-HETE | 337 | 73 | 734 | 66 | 991 | 63 | 0.046 | 0.022 | 0.066 | 0.091 | |
15-KETE | 110 | 64 | 252 | 76 | 294 | 62 | 0.080 | 0.026 | 0.28 | 0.091 | |
5,6-DiHETE | 2.6 | 89 | 3.1 | 65 | 3.7 | 74 | 0.68 | 0.42 | 0.48 | 0.030 | |
5,15-DiHETE | 5.4 | 98 | 11 | 65 | 12 | 57 | 0.085 | 0.048 | 0.79 | 0.028 | |
11,12-DiHETrE | 0.9 | 82 | 1.4 | 41 | 1.3 | 74 | 0.12 | 0.38 | 0.62 | 0.045 | |
14,15-DiHETrE | 2.9 | 50 | 3.6 | 20 | 3.3 | 35 | 0.24 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.070 | |
11(12)-EpETrE | 3.2 | 44 | 7.6 | 92 | 4.0 | 59 | 0.12 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.39 | |
LTB4 | 53 | 71 | 72 | 59 | 81 | 53 | 0.35 | 0.17 | 0.44 | 0.020 | |
6-trans-LTB4 | 22 | 56 | 32 | 58 | 39 | 45 | 0.18 | 0.030 | 0.051 | 0.030 | |
TXB2 | 41 | 65 | 47 | 52 | 78 | 119 | 0.66 | 0.30 | 0.36 | 0.20 | |
PGE2 | 5.1 | 64 | 6.1 | 33 | 9.8 | 56 | 0.44 | 0.046 | 0.16 | 0.040 | |
PGD2 | 3.4 | 84 | 5.6 | 75 | 7.7 | 89 | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.52 | 0.020 | |
LAh | 9-HODE | 201 | 66 | 224 | 55 | 190 | 63 | 0.73 | 0.85 | 0.63 | 0.20 |
9-KODE | 129 | 73 | 197 | 77 | 138 | 68 | 0.27 | 0.84 | 0.21 | 0.37 | |
13-HODE | 785 | 74 | 1250 | 60 | 1530 | 51 | 0.17 | 0.039 | 0.15 | 0.022 | |
EKODE | 244 | 65 | 541 | 54 | 449 | 55 | 0.018 | 0.057 | 0.41 | 0.0060 | |
9,10,13-TriHOME | 68 | 43 | 122 | 61 | 104 | 25 | 0.087 | 0.016 | 0.52 | 0.022 | |
9,12,13-TriHOME | 279 | 46 | 537 | 54 | 516 | 27 | 0.043 | 0.0024 | 0.85 | 0.0060 | |
9,10-DiHOME | 221 | 53 | 440 | 69 | 463 | 57 | 0.090 | 0.039 | 0.82 | 0.0030 | |
9(10)-EpOME | 914 | 27 | 1370 | 49 | 1570 | 42 | 0.10 | 0.026 | 0.42 | 0.060 | |
12,13-DiHOME | 235 | 52 | 460 | 74 | 467 | 60 | 0.11 | 0.057 | 0.95 | 0.060 | |
12(13)-EpOME | 1000 | 30 | 1540 | 48 | 1770 | 38 | 0.086 | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.060 | |
DGLAi | 15-HETrE | 38 | 63 | 81 | 59 | 116 | 71 | 0.032 | 0.031 | 0.18 | 0.091 |
α-LAj | 9-HOTE | 8.0 | 63 | 9.4 | 44 | 6.8 | 41 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.16 | 0.41 |
13-HOTE | 33 | 70 | 67 | 72 | 76 | 48 | 0.083 | 0.011 | 0.45 | 0.022 | |
12(13)-EpODE | 2.3 | 61 | 4.3 | 55 | 5.0 | 48 | 0.048 | 0.010 | 0.41 | 0.0030 | |
EPAk | 5-HEPE | 8.2 | 86 | 13 | 54 | 13 | 65 | 0.15 | 0.24 | 0.68 | 0.080 |
12-HEPE | 6.2 | 52 | 16 | 58 | 17 | 38 | 0.021 | 0.00051 | 0.71 | 0.0030 | |
15-HEPE | 32 | 70 | 99 | 70 | 110 | 53 | 0.030 | 0.0064 | 0.27 | 0.091 | |
DHAl | 17-HDoHE | 162 | 65 | 452 | 76 | 517 | 60 | 0.051 | 0.014 | 0.59 | 0.0030 |
15-LOXm | ω-6 (n = 10)n | 1980 | 52 | 3490 | 46 | 4000 | 39 | 0.034 | 0.0064 | 0.29 | 0.022 |
ω-3 (n = 5) | 242 | 60 | 644 | 70 | 727 | 53 | 0.040 | 0.0088 | 0.55 | 0.022 | |
Total 15-LOX (n = 15) | 2230 | 52 | 4130 | 47 | 4720 | 41 | 0.025 | 0.0049 | 0.31 | 0.022 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acid.
Oxylipin levels are reported as concentration (pM) and were normalized to the BAL volume recoveries. A complete list of all oxylipin acronyms is provided in Table S1.
Statistical significance was calculated with either an unpaired or paired Student's t-test. Values with p<0.05 are shown in italics with two significant figures.
The median concentration (pM) among the healthy controls (HC) regarding each oxylipin was used as a cut off limit for all three groups (i.e., Healthy Controls, Asthmatic Controls and Asthmatics Following Provocation), with values provided in Table S8. All p-values regarding trend are one-sided.
Average,
Coefficient of variance,
Arachidonic acid,
Linoleic Acid,
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid,
α-Linolenic acid,
Eicosapentaenoic acid,
Docosahexaenoic acid.
15-Lipoxygenase products.
The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of oxylipin species analyzed for each subgroup.