Table 2.
Associations (Odds Ratio) of Prevention Program Exposure Index (PEI) with the Prevalence Rates of Cigarette Smoking among US youth, the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2000–08, United States
| PEI | Year 2000–02 | Year 2003–05 | Year 2006–08 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | % (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | % (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
| Lifetime smoking | ||||||
| 0 | 44.1(41.8, 46.4) | 1.00 (n/a) | 40.8(38.5, 43.0) | 1.00 (n/a) | 35.0(33.0, 36.9) | 1.00 (n/a) |
| 1 | 40.1(38.8, 41.5) | 0.85(0.76, 0.95) | 35.8(34.5, 37.0) | 0.81(0.73, 0.90) | 30.6(29.5, 31.8) | 0.82(0.74, 0.91) |
| 2 | 37.1(36.1, 38.2) | 0.75(0.67, 0.83) | 33.5(32.6, 34.5) | 0.73(0.66, 0.81) | 26.6(25.7, 27.5) | 0.67(0.61, 0.74) |
| 3 | 34.8(33.9, 35.7) | 0.67(0.61, 0.75) | 29.7(28.8, 30.5) | 0.61(0.55, 0.68) | 23.4(22.6, 24.2) | 0.57(0.52, 0.62) |
| 4 | 31.6(30.7, 32.5) | 0.58(0.53, 0.65) | 27.1(26.3, 27.9) | 0.54(0.49, 0.60) | 22.6(21.8, 23.4) | 0.54(0.49, 0.60) |
| 5+ | 29.8(28.8, 30.7) | 0.54(0.48, 0.59) | 25.2(24.4, 26.1) | 0.49(0.44, 0.54) | 21.5(20.7, 22.4) | 0.51(0.46, 0.56) |
| Current smoking | ||||||
| 0 | 21.3(19.5, 23.2) | 1.00 (n/a) | 21.6(19.7, 23.5) | 1.00 (n/a) | 16.5(15.0, 18.0) | 1.00 (n/a) |
| 1 | 16.8(15.8, 17.8) | 0.74(0.65, 0.85) | 14.6(13.7, 15.5) | 0.62(0.54, 0.71) | 13.4(12.5, 14.2) | 0.78(0.68, 0.89) |
| 2 | 14.7(14.0, 15.5) | 0.64(0.56, 0.72) | 13.4(12.7, 14.1) | 0.56(0.49, 0.64) | 10.2( 9.6, 10.8) | 0.57(0.50, 0.65) |
| 3 | 13.2(12.5, 13.8) | 0.56(0.49, 0.63) | 11.6(11.0, 12.2) | 0.48(0.42, 0.54) | 9.1( 8.6, 9.7) | 0.51(0.45, 0.57) |
| 4 | 11.4(10.8, 12.0) | 0.47(0.42, 0.54) | 10.2( 9.7, 10.7) | 0.41(0.36, 0.47) | 9.0( 8.5, 9.5) | 0.50(0.44, 0.57) |
| 5+ | 11.0(10.3, 11.7) | 0.45(0.40, 0.52) | 10.0(9.4, 10.6) | 0.40(0.35, 0.46) | 8.5( 7.9, 9.0) | 0.47(0.41, 0.53) |
Note: PEI: Program exposure index; OR: Odds ratio, computed using data for participants with PEI = 0 as the reference group (OR = 1.00). Cochran-Armtage Trend test indicated a significant dose-response relation between PEI and the prevalence of lifetime smoking and current smoking at all three periods (p<0.0101) for all.