Table 4.

Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for mortality over 1 year for subjects with diabetes compared to those without using Cox proportional hazards model

Variables	GenIMS study		Health ABC study
	Pneumonia hospitalization		Pneumonia hospitalization		Hospitalization for non-infectious illness		Interaction p value*
	HR with 95% CI	p value	HR with 95% CI	p value	HR with 95% CI	p value
Unadjusted	1.41 (1.12–1.76)	0.002	1.87 (0.76–4.6)	0.16	1.16 (0.8–1.6)	0.37	0.04
Adjusted for age, race, sex	1.32 (1.05–1.66)	0.01	1.82 (0.72–4.62)	0.2	1.08 (0.76–1.52)	0.65	0.04
Adjusted for age, race, sex, cardiovascular and kidney disease	1.3 (1.03–1.65)	0.02	1.8 (0.66–4.92)	0.25	1.06 (0.75–1.51)	0.7	0.09

^*p value for interaction between diabetes and the reason for initial hospitalization (pneumonia and non-infectious illness) on mortality over 1 year