Table 3.
Types of nutritional supplements by gender and age group (n = 186). CI: confidence interval. No missing data.
| Types of nutritional supplements | Gender | Age group (years) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | 20-30 | 30-40 | 40-50 | |
| Performance supplements cluster | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 54.5 (73) | 1.9 (1) | 42.0 (50) | 46.0 (23) | 5.9 (1) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 0.016 (0.002-0.122) | 1.000 | 1.176 (0.605-2.285) | 0.086 (0.011-0.672) |
| P | <0.001 | 0.010 | |||
|
| |||||
| Vitamins/minerals cluster | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 23.9 (32) | 46.2 (24) | 28.6 (34) | 28.0 (14) | 47.1 (8) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 2.732 (1.392-5.363) | 1.000 | 0.972 (0.466-2.026) | 2.222 (0.792-6.238) |
| P | 0.003 | 0.278 | |||
|
| |||||
| Weight/fat loss supplements cluster | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 20.9 (28) | 5.8 (3) | 21.8 (26) | 6.0 (3) | 11.8 (2) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 0.232 (0.067-0.799) | 1.000 | 0.228 (0.066-0.793) | 0.477 (0.102-2.221) |
| P | 0.013 | 0.035 | |||
|
| |||||
| Alertness/energy supplements cluster | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 25.4 (34) | 9.6 (5) | 25.2 (30) | 14.0 (7) | 11.8 (2) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 0.313 (0.115-0.851) | 1.000 | 0.483 (0.196-1.187) | 0.396 (0.085-1.831) |
| P | 0.018 | 0.163 | |||
|
| |||||
| Soy and sports bar cluster | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 11.2 (15) | 17.3 (9) | 15.1 (18) | 8.0 (4) | 11.8 (2) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 1.660 (0.677-4.072) | 1.000 | 0.488 (0.156-1.523) | 0.748 (0.157-3.554) |
| P | 0.264 | 0.447 | |||
|
| |||||
| Natural supplements cluster | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 13.4 (18) | 63.5 (33) | 18.5 (22) | 34.0 (17) | 70.6 (12) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 11.193 (5.278-23.737) | 1.000 | 2.271 (1.077-4.789) | 10.582 (3.380-33.131) |
| P | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
|
| |||||
| Protein powder | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 55.2 (74) | 0 (0) | 43.7 (52) | 40.0 (20) | 11.8 (2) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.859 (0.439-1.682) | 0.172 (0.038-0.785) |
| P | <0.001 | 0.042 | |||
|
| |||||
| Casein protein | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 3.0 (4) | 0 (0) | 2.5 (3) | 0.0 | 5.9 (1) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 | 2.417 (0.237-24.659) |
| P | 0.208 | 0.316 | |||
|
| |||||
| Whey protein | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 41.0 (55) | 9.6 (5) | 31.9 (38) | 38.0 (19) | 17.6 (3) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 0.153 (0.057-0.409) | 1.000 | 1.306 (0.656-2.602) | 0.457 (0.124-1.685) |
| P | <0.001 | 0.298 | |||
|
| |||||
| Antioxidants | |||||
| Percentage (n) | 3.0 (4) | 7.7 (4) | 1.7 (2) | 8.0 (4) | 11.8 (2) |
| Odd ratio (95% CI) | 1.000 | 2.708 (0.651-11.260) | 1.000 | 5.087 (0.901-28.731) | 7.800 (1.022-59.529) |
| P | 0.156 | 0.051 | |||