Table 1.
Phenotypes of JNK knockout mice.
| Mouse model | Phenotypes | References |
|---|---|---|
| Jnk1−/− | Accelerated radial migration Shorter dendrites with increased branching Degeneration of anterior commissure Enhanced glucocorticoid- or insulin-induced food intake |
[20–22, 31] |
|
| ||
| Jnk2−/− | Resistance to MPTP-induced neuronal cell death | [24] |
|
| ||
| Jnk3−/− | Resistance to MPTP-induced neuronal cell death Resistance to kainic acid-induced neuronal cell death Resistance to ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis Resistance to 6-hydrozydopamine-induced neuronal apoptosis |
[24–27, 29] |
|
| ||
| Jnk1−/− Jnk2−/− | Embryonic lethal at E11.5 Defective neural tube closure Dysregulated apoptosis in brain (increased in forebrain, reduced in hindbrain) |
[18, 19] |
|
| ||
| Jnk2−/− Jnk3−/− | Resistance to MPTP-induced neuronal cell death | [24] |
|
| ||
|
Jnk1flox/flox
Nestin-Cre |
Animal protected from diet-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance Reduced serum IGF-1 and GH Increased serum thyroid hormones |
[30] |
|
| ||
|
Jnk1flox/floxJnk2−/−
Jnk3−/− Nestin-Cre |
Early embryonic lethal | [53] |
|
| ||
|
Jnk1flox/floxJnk2−/−
Jnk3−/− Pcp2-Cre |
Loss of dendritic arborization Axon hypertrophy Increased autophagic vacuoles |
[53] |