Table 1.
General characteristics of children and family by age group and by gender within age group
|
Primary school children |
Secondary school children |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | Male |  |
Female | Male |  |
 |
|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 10.09 ± 0.8 | 10.08 ± 0.6 | 0.9 | 12.27 ± 0.5 | 12.30 ± 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.00 |
| Parental age (mean ± SD) | 43.7 ± 4.4 | 43.47 ± 3.9 | 0.6 | 44.35 ± 6.3 | 44.35 ± 5.3 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
| Female | Male |  |
Female | Male |  |
 |
|
| Gender n (%) | 132 (53.4) | 115 (46.6) | 120 (46.9) | 136 (53.1) | 0.1 | ||
| Parental education | |||||||
| Secondary school | 25 (18.9) | 21 (18.3) | 0.7 | 44 (36.7) | 32 (23.5) | 0.07 | 0.01 |
| High school | 32 (24.2) | 33 (28.7) | 26 (21.6) | 34 (25) | |||
| University | 75 (56.8) | 61 (53) | 50 (41.6) | 70 (51.5) | |||
| Children BMI group | |||||||
| Non-overweight/obese | 96 (72.7) | 80 (70.2) | 0.5 | 75 (63) | 93 (68.4) | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Overweight | 32 (24.2) | 27 (23.7) | 38 (31.9) | 40 (29.4) | |||
| Obese | 4 (3) | 7 (6.1) | 6 (5) | 3 (2.2) | |||
| Parental BMI group | |||||||
| Underweight | 1 (0.8) | 2 (1.9) | 0.9 | 1 (0.9) | 3 (2.5) | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| Norm weight | 85 (67.5) | 71 (67) | 66 (57.4) | 73 (60.8) | |||
| Overweight | 32 (25.4) | 26 (24.5) | 35 (30.4) | 38 (31.7) | |||
| Obese | 8 (6.3) | 7 (6.6) | 13 (11.3) | 6 (5) | |||
| House TV set | |||||||
| 1 | 37 (28) | 26 (22.6) | 0.6 | 19 (15.8) | 20 (14.7) | 0.7 | 0.01 |
| ≥2 | 52 (39.4) | 49 (42.6) | 54 (45) | 56 (41.2) | |||
| ≥3 | 43 (32.6) | 40 (34.8) | 47 (39.2) | 60 (44.1) | |||
| TV set bedroom | |||||||
| Yes | 29 (22.3) | 20 (17.7) | 0.3 | 35 (29.2) | 53 (39.6) | 0.08 | 0.00 |
| No | 101 (77.7) | 93 (82.3) | 85 (70.8) | 81 (60.4) | |||
| Computer bedroom | |||||||
| Yes | 48 (37.2) | 43 (38.1) | 0.8 | 52 (43.3) | 56 (41.8) | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| No | 81 (62.8) | 70 (61.9) | 68 (56.7) | 78 (58.2) | |||
| Console bedroom | |||||||
| Yes | 55 (42.6) | 57 (50.4) | 0.2 | 32 (26.9) | 65 (48.9) | 0.00 | 0.08 |
| No | 74 (57.4) | 56 (49.6) | 87 (73.1) | 68 (51.1) | |||
| Parental TV viewing | |||||||
| <2 h/day | 99 (77.3) | 86 (79.6) | 0.6 | 82 (70.1) | 88 (71) | 0.8 | 0.04 |
| ≥2 h/day | 29 (22.7) | 22 (20.4) | 35 (29.9) | 36 (29) | |||
| Parental TV rules | |||||||
| Yes | 119 (92.2) | 97 (91.5) | 0.8 | 103 (89.6) | 111 (91.7) | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| No | 10 (7.8) | 9 (8.5) | 12 (10.4) | 10 (8.3) | |||
| Parental computer rules | |||||||
| Yes | 120 (93.8) | 101 (95.3) | 0.6 | 108 (93.1) | 115 (93.5) | 0.9 | 0.6 |
| No | 8 (6.2) | 5 (4.7) | 8 (6.9) | 8 (6.5) | |||
| Family structure | |||||||
| Single parent | 16 (12.5) | 15 (14.3) | 0.6 | 24 (20.9) | 24 (19.5) | 0.7 | 0.04 |
| Two parents | 112 (87.5) | 90 (85.7) | 91 (79.1) | 99 (80.5) | |||
| Presence of siblings | |||||||
| Yes | 100 (76.9) | 78 (72.9) | 0.4 | 56 (47.5) | 54 (43.5) | 0.5 | 0.00 |
| No | 30 (23.1) | 29 (27.1) | 62 (52.5) | 70 (56.5) | |||
| Mother employment | |||||||
| Non-working | 26 (20.5) | 24 (23.1) | 0.6 | 30 (26.8) | 34 (28.6) | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| Working | 101 (79.5) | 80 (76.9) | 82 (73.2) | 85 (71.4) | |||
| Father employment | |||||||
| Non-working | 7 (6.2) | 6 (6.5) | 0.9 | 8 (8.5) | 7 (6.9) | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Working | 106 (93.8) | 86 (93.5) | 86 (91.5) | 95 (93.1) | |||
: by sex within age group t-test, 
: by age group t-test, 
: by sex within age group chi-square test, 
: by age group chi-square test.