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. 2010 Nov 3;33(3):392–402. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdq087

Table 1.

General characteristics of children and family by age group and by gender within age group

Primary school children
Secondary school children
Female Male Inline graphic Female Male Inline graphic Inline graphic
Age (mean ± SD) 10.09 ± 0.8 10.08 ± 0.6 0.9 12.27 ± 0.5 12.30 ± 0.5 0.6 0.00
Parental age (mean ± SD) 43.7 ± 4.4 43.47 ± 3.9 0.6 44.35 ± 6.3 44.35 ± 5.3 1.0 0.1
Female Male Inline graphic Female Male Inline graphic Inline graphic

Gender n (%) 132 (53.4) 115 (46.6) 120 (46.9) 136 (53.1) 0.1
Parental education
 Secondary school 25 (18.9) 21 (18.3) 0.7 44 (36.7) 32 (23.5) 0.07 0.01
 High school 32 (24.2) 33 (28.7) 26 (21.6) 34 (25)
 University 75 (56.8) 61 (53) 50 (41.6) 70 (51.5)
Children BMI group
 Non-overweight/obese 96 (72.7) 80 (70.2) 0.5 75 (63) 93 (68.4) 0.3 0.2
 Overweight 32 (24.2) 27 (23.7) 38 (31.9) 40 (29.4)
 Obese 4 (3) 7 (6.1) 6 (5) 3 (2.2)
Parental BMI group
 Underweight 1 (0.8) 2 (1.9) 0.9 1 (0.9) 3 (2.5) 0.2 0.3
 Norm weight 85 (67.5) 71 (67) 66 (57.4) 73 (60.8)
 Overweight 32 (25.4) 26 (24.5) 35 (30.4) 38 (31.7)
 Obese 8 (6.3) 7 (6.6) 13 (11.3) 6 (5)
House TV set
 1 37 (28) 26 (22.6) 0.6 19 (15.8) 20 (14.7) 0.7 0.01
 ≥2 52 (39.4) 49 (42.6) 54 (45) 56 (41.2)
 ≥3 43 (32.6) 40 (34.8) 47 (39.2) 60 (44.1)
TV set bedroom
 Yes 29 (22.3) 20 (17.7) 0.3 35 (29.2) 53 (39.6) 0.08 0.00
 No 101 (77.7) 93 (82.3) 85 (70.8) 81 (60.4)
Computer bedroom
 Yes 48 (37.2) 43 (38.1) 0.8 52 (43.3) 56 (41.8) 0.8 0.2
 No 81 (62.8) 70 (61.9) 68 (56.7) 78 (58.2)
Console bedroom
 Yes 55 (42.6) 57 (50.4) 0.2 32 (26.9) 65 (48.9) 0.00 0.08
 No 74 (57.4) 56 (49.6) 87 (73.1) 68 (51.1)
Parental TV viewing
 <2 h/day 99 (77.3) 86 (79.6) 0.6 82 (70.1) 88 (71) 0.8 0.04
 ≥2 h/day 29 (22.7) 22 (20.4) 35 (29.9) 36 (29)
Parental TV rules
 Yes 119 (92.2) 97 (91.5) 0.8 103 (89.6) 111 (91.7) 0.5 0.6
 No 10 (7.8) 9 (8.5) 12 (10.4) 10 (8.3)
Parental computer rules
 Yes 120 (93.8) 101 (95.3) 0.6 108 (93.1) 115 (93.5) 0.9 0.6
 No 8 (6.2) 5 (4.7) 8 (6.9) 8 (6.5)
Family structure
 Single parent 16 (12.5) 15 (14.3) 0.6 24 (20.9) 24 (19.5) 0.7 0.04
 Two parents 112 (87.5) 90 (85.7) 91 (79.1) 99 (80.5)
Presence of siblings
 Yes 100 (76.9) 78 (72.9) 0.4 56 (47.5) 54 (43.5) 0.5 0.00
 No 30 (23.1) 29 (27.1) 62 (52.5) 70 (56.5)
Mother employment
 Non-working 26 (20.5) 24 (23.1) 0.6 30 (26.8) 34 (28.6) 0.7 0.1
 Working 101 (79.5) 80 (76.9) 82 (73.2) 85 (71.4)
Father employment
 Non-working 7 (6.2) 6 (6.5) 0.9 8 (8.5) 7 (6.9) 0.6 0.6
 Working 106 (93.8) 86 (93.5) 86 (91.5) 95 (93.1)

Inline graphic: by sex within age group t-test, Inline graphic: by age group t-test, Inline graphic: by sex within age group chi-square test, Inline graphic: by age group chi-square test.