Figure 3. C. parasiticum pathogen growth affected by rhizobia and AMF inoculation as well as P level in the sand culture experiment.

LP, 15 µmol P added as KH₂PHO₄; HP, 500 µmol P added as KH₂PHO₄. All the roots were inoculated with C. parasiticum (see Materials and Methods for details). CFU: colony forming units per gram root sample. −R−A: roots without AMF and rhizobia inoculation; +R−A: roots inoculated by rhizobia; −R+A: roots inoculated by AMF; +R+A: roots inoculated by rhizobia and AMF. Each bar represented the mean of four replicates with standard error. * and ** stood the significant difference between two P levels analyzed by one-way ANOVA. *: significant at 0.05 (P<0.05); **: significant at 0.05 (P<0.01).