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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Vet Cardiol. 2012 Feb 20;14(1):19–29. doi: 10.1016/j.jvc.2012.01.006

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Breeds at risk for MMVD trace back to an ancient common ancestor of the modern breeds. A neighbor joining tree based on 10-SNP haplotypes groups 80 dog breeds into approximately 10 breed clusters. The black arch indicates the position of wild canids on the tree and the yellow arch indicates the ancient breeds. All other branches comprise the modern breeds. These breeds are grouped in the following order clockwise from the top and indicated by alternating gray bands: toy, spaniel, scent hound, working, mastiff, terrier, mountain, retriever, herding, and sighthound. The positions of the MVDD at risk breeds are indicated by circles on the tree. Red circle=breed with an average adult weight less than 9 kg, purple circle=average adult weight between 9 and 14 kg, blue circle= average adult weight over 14 kg. The haplotype tree of breeds was originally published in Nature45.