Table 4.
Proportional hazards models for coronary outcomes using various measures of cholesterol, including only significant covariates in the models
| Time-dependent covariate models | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Most recent TC | Mean TC |
Time-adjusted mean TC |
||||
| HR (95% CI) |
P | HR (95% CI) |
P | HR (95% CI) |
P | |
| Cholesterol (TC) | 1.86 (1.30, 2.68) |
0.001 | 2.07 (1.28, 3.36) |
0.003 | 2.07 (1.28, 3.34) |
0.003 |
| Male sex | 1.90 (1.06, 3.41) |
0.03 | 1.83 (1.01, 3.29) |
0.046 | 1.82 (1.01, 3.29) |
0.047 |
| Ageψ | 1.12 (1.07, 1.17) |
< 0.0001 | 1.13 (1.06, 1.20) |
< 0.0001 | 1.13 (1.06, 1.20) |
< 0.0001 |
| SLEDAI-2K¶ | 1.09 (1.05, 1.13) |
< 0.0001 | 1.10 (1.06, 1.14) |
< 0.0001 | 1.10 (1.06, 1.14) |
< 0.0001 |
| Corticosteroidsβ | 2.04 (1.20, 3.45) |
0.01 | 2.01 (1.19, 3.41) |
0.01 | 2.01 (1.19, 3.41) |
0.01 |
95% CI, 95% confidence interval; AUC, area under the curve; BP, blood pressure (mm Hg); DBP: diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg); HR, hazard ratio; NS, not significant; P, P value; SBP, systolic blood pressure (mm Hg); TC, total plasma cholesterol (mmol/L).
ψYears; age at the time of first available TC (or SBP or DBP) in time-constant models and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ¶SLE Disease Activity Index 2000; scores range from 0 to 105, with higher scores indicating more-active disease; measured at the time of first available TC (or SBP or DBP) in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ¢Hypertension defined as diastolic BP ≥ 90 or systolic BP ≥ 140 mm Hg; defined as present ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. βCorticosteroids defined as used ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ζElevated total plasma cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) defined as total plasma cholesterol > 5.2 mmol/L; measured at the time of first available SBP or DBP in time-constant models, and coincident with each SBP or DBP measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. §Antimalarials include chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine; defined as used ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models. ¥Immunosuppressives include methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, and cyclophosphamide; defined as used ever during the study in time-constant models, and coincident with each TC (or SBP or DBP) measurement in the time-dependent covariate models.