Table 2.
Mean (95% CI) daily intake of macro-nutrients, fibre, sodium and energy and differences by gender and Indigenous status1
| Nutrient | Boys (n = 93) | Girls (n = 122) | Indigenous Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (n = 34) |
Non-Indigenous (n = 59) |
p-value2 | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (n = 48) |
Non-Indigenous (n = 74) |
p-value2 | p-value3 | |
| Energy (kJ) | 9689.2 | 8422.1 | 0.004 | 8353.5 | 8061.5 | 0.36 | < .0001 |
| (8940.3-10438.1) | (7996.9-8847.3) | (7803.4-8903.5) | (7731.2-8391.8) | ||||
| Protein (g) | 87.2 | 79.1 | 0.12 | 69.1 | 71.6 | 0.47 | 0.14 |
| (77.8-96.6) | (74.8-83.5) | (63.6-74.5) | (67.2-76.0) | ||||
| Total fat (g) | 87.4 | 78.9 | 0.03 | 78 | 75.9 | 0.56 | 0.01 |
| (81.4-93.3) | (74.0-83.7) | (72.2-83.8) | (71.6-80.2) | ||||
| Saturated fatty acids (g) | 38.5 | 34.8 | 0.05 | 34.3 | 33.6 | 0.69 | 0.02 |
| (35.7-41.4) | (32.4-37.2) | (31.3-37.3) | (31.3-35.8) | ||||
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 10.8 | 10.1 | 0.31 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 0.36 | 0.16 |
| (9.8-11.7) | (9.1-11.1) | (9.2-11.3) | (9.0-10.4) | ||||
| Monounsaturated fat (g) | 31.1 | 27.7 | 0.03 | 27.4 | 26.7 | 0.59 | 0.02 |
| (28.7-33.6) | (25.9-29.5) | (25.3-29.5) | (25.2-28.2) | ||||
| Carbohydrate (g) | 289.1 | 241.7 | 0.01 | 251 | 234.9 | 0.15 | < .0001 |
| (257.9-320.3) | (226.3-257.2) | (231.9-270.2) | (223.7-246.0) | ||||
| Sugars (g) | 148 | 122.1 | 0.04 | 134 | 124.6 | 0.27 | 0.0002 |
| (125.7-170.4) | (110.4-133.8) | (119.4-148.6) | (115.4-133.7) | ||||
| Starch (g) | 139.7 | 118.8 | 0.003 | 116.2 | 109.3 | 0.16 | 0.003 |
| (128.0-151.4) | (111.3-126.2) | (107.7-124.6) | (104.6-114.0) | ||||
| Fibre (g) | 21.6 | 17.9 | 0.02 | 16.6 | 17.2 | 0.48 | 0.05 |
| (18.8-24.5) | (16.6-19.2) | (15.0-18.1) | (16.2-18.2) | ||||
| Sodium (mg) | 2934.5 | 2396.9 | 0.01 | 2323.5 | 2341.6 | 0.88 | 0.009 |
| (2588.3-3280.7) | (2230.5-2563.4) | (2132.1-2514.9) | (2201.9-2481.3) | ||||
1 See Additional File 1 [Table S1] for complete table; 2 Kruskall-Wallis test for difference conducted for Vitamin A, Beta-carotine, Folate, Vitamin C, Calcium and Zinc as data not normally distributed. All other nutrients examined by t-tests adjusted for clustering within schools; 3 Difference by Indigenous status examined using Friedman's test for Vitamin A, Beta-carotine, Folate, Vitamin C, Calcium and Zinc as data not normally distributed and no method of adjusting for clustering. Difference by Indigenous status examined for all other nutrients by linear regression analysis adjusted for clustering within schools, age and gender.