Table 3. Brain volumes for controls who had or had not been prenatally exposed to teratogenic substances.
| Volume (ml) |
Socioeconomic status matching |
Birth weight matching |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control exposed M (s.d.) | Control unexposed M (s.d.) | Cohen's d | Control exposed M (s.d.) | Control unexposed M (s.d.) | Cohen's d | |
| 3a Cigarette exposure | ||||||
| Total brain | 1398.3 (124.7) | 1497.0 (161.6) | 0.684 | 1398.3 (124.7) | 1472.4 (152.7) | 0.532 |
| Cerebrum | 1212.5 (109.6) | 1309.0 (147.9) | 0.741 | 1212.5 (109.6) | 1286.8 (136.5) | 0.600 |
| Cerebral gray | 722.7 (67.0) | 772.2 (88.3) | 0.632 | 722.7 (67.0) | 759.0 (84.8) | 0.475 |
| Cerebral white | 472.4 (54.1) | 511.7 (70.6) | 0.625 | 472.4 (54.1) | 501.6 (63.6) | 0.495 |
| Cerebellum | 154.2 (16.7) | 160.1 (14.1) | 0.382 | 154.2 (16.7) | 160.9 (16.0) | 0.410 |
| Cerebellar gray | 111.7 (14.1) | 110.9 (9.9) | 0.066 | 111.7 (14.1) | 111.4 (9.9) | 0.025 |
| Cerebellar white | 42.4 (6.9) | 48.5 (7.6) | 0.840 | 42.4 (6.9) | 48.1 (8.4) | 0.742 |
| 3b Alcohol exposure | ||||||
| Total brain | 1378.1 (140.8) | 1397.9 (163.5) | 0.130 | 1378.1 (140.8) | 1390.4 (141.2) | 0.087 |
| Cerebrum | 1208.4 (129.5) | 1217.9 (145.0) | 0.069 | 1208.4 (129.5) | 1215.0 (131) | 0.051 |
| Cerebral gray | 723.1 (87.9) | 735.7 (84.4) | 0.146 | 723.1 (87.9) | 729.0 (69.4) | 0.075 |
| Cerebral white | 459.3 (55.1) | 475.3 (61.8) | 0.273 | 459.3 (55.1) | 479.0 (61.9) | 0.336 |
| Cerebellum | 150.2 (12.2) | 152.5 (20.3) | 0.137 | 150.2 (12.2) | 151.1 (18.8) | 0.057 |
| Cerebellar gray | 106.0 (12.1) | 109.7 (14.3) | 0.279 | 106.0 (12.1) | 106.3 (13.9) | 0.023 |
| Cerebellar white | 43.0 (7.1) | 44.1 (6.8) | 0.158 | 43.0 (7.1) | 45.6 (6.8) | 0.374 |