Table 1.
Mean values or prevalence of factors at baseline for apoE2, apoE3 homozygosity and apoE4 among the 269 patients n (%)
| ApoE2 | ApoE3 homozygosity | ApoE4 | |
| No. of patients (men/women) | 18 (14/4) | 207 (156/51) | 44 (29/15) |
| Age at enrollment | 53.4 ± 5.8 | 53.8 ± 5.7 | 54.2 ± 4.8 |
| Observation period (yr) | 11.9 ± 5.2 | 12.6 ± 5.3 | 12.2 ± 5.4 |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never smokers | 6 | 66 | 17 |
| Past smokers | 5 | 63 | 11 |
| Smokers | 7 | 78 | 16 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.4 ± 3.1 | 22.3 ± 2.6 | 22.9 ± 3.3 |
| HbA1c (NGSP equivalent value) (%) | 8.7 ± 1.5 | 8.7 ± 1.4 | 8.6 ± 1.1 |
| Medication for hyperglycemia before enrollment | |||
| None | 7 (38.9) | 80 (38.6) | 22 (50.0) |
| Oral hypoglycemic agents | 9 (50.0) | 104 (50.2) | 19 (43.2) |
| Insulin | 2 (11.1) | 23 (11.1) | 3 (6.8) |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.83 ± 1.00 | 5.51 ± 1.21 | 5.45 ± 0.93 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.14 ± 0.22 | 1.17 ± 0.32 | 1.12 ± 0.36 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.92 ± 0.89 | 3.55 ± 1.10 | 3.52 ± 0.76 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.69 ± 0.97 | 1.79 ± 1.32 | 1.94 ± 1.82 |
| Medications for hyperlipidemia | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.01) | 2 (5.0) |
| Systolic blood pressure (kPa) | 17.3 ± 1.9 | 17.3 ± 2.5 | 17.8 ± 2.5 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (kPa) | 10.6 ± 1.3 | 10.5 ± 1.5 | 10.5 ± 1.5 |
| Medications for hypertension | 3 (16.7) | 21 (10.1) | 8 (18.2) |
| Proteinuria | 4 (22.2) | 50 (24.2) | 10 (22.7) |
| Diabetic retinopathy | 7 (38.9) | 61 (29.6) | 11 (25.0) |
ApoE: Apolipoprotein E gene; HDL: High density lipoprotein; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; NGSP: National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program.