Table 3.

Price Differences for 1 Complete After-School Snack^a at 32 YMCA After-School Sites, by Metropolitan Area and Snack Characteristics, 2006-2008^b

Characteristic	Price Difference, Mean (SE), $c	P Valued
Metropolitan YMCA Association Area
Northeast	1 [Reference]	NA
Pacific Northwest	0.17 (0.03)	<.001
South	0.03 (0.02)	.18
Midwest	−0.004 (0.03)	.89
No. of food items served/snack	0.05 (0.02)	.007
Beverages served
Water	1 [Reference]	NA
100% juice	0.21 (0.03)	<.001
1% or 2% unflavored milk	0.10 (0.03)	.002
1% or 2% flavored milk	0.18 (0.02)	<.001
Sugar-sweetened beverages	NAe	NA
Foods served
Refined grains with trans fat	1 [Reference]	NA
Refined grains without trans fat	0.07 (0.02)	.003
Whole grains with trans fat	NAe	NA
Whole grains without trans fat	0.03 (0.06)	.60
Canned or frozen vegetables	0.08 (0.03)	.01
Fresh vegetables	0.002 (0.04)	.97
Canned, dried, or frozen fruits	0.15 (0.04)	.002
Fresh fruits	0.32 (0.05)	<.001
Protein foods	0.21 (0.04)	<.001

Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.

^a Complete after-school snack includes all foods and beverages served during the after-school snack period.

^b Coefficient estimates from regression predicting prices of 1,294 complete daily snacks served at 32 YMCA after-school sites during the academic year in 2006. All prices are inflation-adjusted to December 2009 prices. Model R ² = 0.47.

^c These values can be interpreted as the average difference in price in a complete snack depending on whether it contained each of these various beverages or foods, adjusting for the metropolitan area of each YMCA association, the total number of foods served, and each of the other variables in the table simultaneously. For example, snacks containing 100% juice were on average $0.21 more expensive than snacks containing water, controlling for other variables in the model.

^d Calculated by regressing each characteristic with price as the dependent variable, controlling for other variables in the model.

^e Not served on any days.