Table 1. Premortem findings in cockatiels experimentally infected with ABV*.
| Bird | Age at inoculation,d/sex | Antibodies against ABV |
RNA‡, first detected, dpi | Gastrointestinal signs |
Neurologic signs |
Died, dpi | Euthanized, dpi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First detected, dpi | Titer† | First detected, dpi | Titer† | First detected, dpi | Titer† | ||||||
| ic1 | 137/F | 43 | 160 | 27 | – | – | 199 | 5,120 | – | 206 | |
| ic2 | 121/F | 29 | 20 | 21 | 37 | 320 | 41 | 320 | – | 60 | |
| ic3 | 137/F | 35 | 320 | 25 | – | – | – | – | – | 115 | |
| ic4 | 137/F | 7 | 20 | 19 | – | – | – | – | – | 115 | |
| ic5 | 121/F | 57 | 320 | 29 | – | – | – | – | – | 230 | |
| ic6 | 137/M | 43 | 1,280 | 25 | – | – | – | – | 66 | – | |
| ic7 | 137/M | 63 | 160 | 29 | – | – | – | – | – | 230 | |
| ic8 | 137/F | 43 | 640 | 27 | – | – | – | – | – | 115 | |
| ic9 | 44/M | 7 | 10 | 25 | – | – | – | – | – | 230 | |
| iv1 | 137/F | 57 | 320 | 71 | 126 | 5,120 | – | – | – | 229 | |
| iv2 | 137/F | 35 | 160 | 35 | – | – | – | 120 | – | ||
| iv3 | 137/M | 57 | 640 | 43 | 116 | 10,240 | – | – | – | 116 | |
| iv4 | 137/M | 29 | 40 | 63 | – | – | – | – | – | 116 | |
| iv5 | 121/F | 35 | 640 | 72 | – | – | 159 | 5,120 | – | 229 | |
| iv6 | 121/F | 43 | 640 | 33 | – | – | – | – | – | 229 | |
| iv7 | 137/M | 35 | 40 | 35 | – | – | – | – | – | 116 | |
| iv8 | 137/M | 35 | 40 | 43 | – | – | – | – | – | 229 | |
| iv9 | 44/F | 29 | 40 | 25 | – | – | – | – | – | 229 | |
| se1 | 137/M | NA | – | 76 | – | – | – | – | – | 230 | |
*Investigation period was 230 d. ABV, avian bornavirus; dpi, days postinoculation; ic, intracerebrally inoculated; –, not detected or not applicable; iv, intravenously inoculated; se, sentinel. †Antibodies detected by use of indirect immunofluorescence assay; titers <10.0 are considered negative. ‡Avian bornavirus RNA detected by real-time reverse transcription PCR as described by Honkavuori et al. (10); cycle thresholds >36.0 are negative.